Cellulose synthase (GDP-forming)

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In enzymology, a cellulose synthase (GDP-forming) (EC 2.4.1.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

GDP-glucose + (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)n $\rightleftharpoons$ GDP + (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)n⁺1

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are GDP-glucose and (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)n, whereas its two products are GDP and (1,4-beta-D-glucosyl)n+1.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is GDP-glucose:1,4-beta-D-glucan 4-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include cellulose synthase (guanosine diphosphate-forming), cellulose synthetase, guanosine diphosphoglucose-1,4-beta-glucan glucosyltransferase, and guanosine diphosphoglucose-cellulose glucosyltransferase. This enzyme participates in starch and sucrose metabolism.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 2.4.1.29
BRENDA references for 2.4.1.29 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.4.1.29
PubMed Central references for 2.4.1.29
Google Scholar references for 2.4.1.29
Chambers J, Elbein AD (1970). "Biosynthesis of glucans in mung bean seedlings. Formation of beta-(1,4)-glucans from GDP-glucose and beta-(1,3)-glucans from UDP-glucose". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 138: 620–31. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(70)90389-9. PMID 4317490.
Flowers HM, Batra KK, Kemp J, Hassid WZ (1969). "Biosynthesis of cellulose in vitro from guanosine diphosphate D-glucose with enzymic preparations from Phaseolus aureus and Lupinus albus". J. Biol. Chem. 244: 4969–74. PMID 5824571.