Auguste Ambroise Tardieu
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Auguste Ambroise Tardieu | |
 |
|
| Born | 1818-04-10 Paris |
|---|---|
| Died | 1879-01-12 |
| Residence | Paris |
| Citizenship | French |
| Nationality | France |
| Fields | Forensic science, Public health |
| Institutions | Faculté de Médicine de Paris |
| Known for | Tardieu's syndrome, Tardieu's ecchymoses, First forensic studies of child maltreatment |
| Influenced | Paul Brouardel |
| Notable awards | Prize of the French Academy of Science (1875) |
The son of French artist and mapmaker Ambroise Tardieu, Auguste Ambroise Tardieu (1818-1879) became the pre-eminent forensic medical scientist of the mid-19th century. He was President of the French Academy of Medicine, as well as Dean of the Faculty of Medicine and Professor of Legal Medicine at the University of Paris.
Tardieu's specialties were forensic medicine and toxicology. His authoritative book on forensic toxicology (Étude médico-légale et clinique sur l'empoisonnement) has been called a model of clarity and clinical precision. [1]
Over his 23-year career, Tardieu was asked to participate in 5,238 cases as a forensic expert, including many famous and notorious historical crimes. Using his cases as a statistical base, Tardieu wrote over a dozen volumes of forensic analysis, covering such diverse areas as abortion, drowning, hanging, insanity, poisoning, suffocation, syphilis, and tattoos (Labbé, 2005).
Among his many achievements, Tardieu wrote what may be the first book in recorded history on the sexual abuse of children. (Masson, 1984, pp. 15-19 and 34-38). It ran to six editions, from 1857 to 1878, under the title "Medical-Legal Studies of Sexual Assault" (Etude Médico-Légale sur les Attentats aux Mœurs). In recognition of his first clinical descriptions of battered children, Battered child syndrome is also known as Tardieu's syndrome.[2] Unfortunately, his path-breaking insights and research into the prevalence and forensic signs of child abuse were largely ignored (Labbé, 2005).
Far more successful were Tardieu's publications on the terrible working conditions of young boys and girls in mines and factories. For example, his study of copper workers (both child and adult) led to a radical improvement in their working conditions (Labbé, 2005).
Tardieu's ecchymoses, subpleural spots of ecchymosis that follow the death of a newborn child by strangulation or suffocation, were first described by Tardieu in 1859, and were so named in his honor. [3]
[edit] Works[1]
- 1843: De la morve et du farcin chronique chez l’homme.
- 1849-50: Mémoire sur les modifications physiques et chimiques que détermine dans certaines parties du corps l’exercice des diverse professions, pour servir à la recherche médico-légale de l’identité.
- 1852: Voiries et cimetières.
- 1855: Études hygiéniques sur la profession de mouleur en cuivre, pour servir à l’histoire des professions exposées aux poussières inorganiques.
- 1855: Étude médico-légale sur le tatouage considéré comme signe d’identité.
- 1856: Étude médico-légale sur l’avortement, suivie d’observations et de recherches pour servir à l’histoire médico-légale des grossesses fausses et simulées.
- 1856: Étude historique et médico-légale sur les sur la fabrication et l’emploi des alumettes chimiques.
- 1857: Étude médico-légale sur les attentats aux moeurs.
- 1852-54: Dictionnaire d’hygiène publique et de salubrité.
- 1864: Étude médico-légale sur les maladies provoquées ou communiquées comprenant l’histoire médico-légale de la syphilis et de ses divers modes de ransmission.
- 1867: Étude médico-légale et clinique sur l'empoisonnement.
- 1868: Étude médico-légale sur l’infanticide.
- 1870: Étude médico-légale sur la pendaison, la strangulation, les suffocations.
- 1872: Étude médico-légale sur la folie.
- 1879: Étude médico-légale sur les maladies produites accidentellement ou involontairement.
- 1879: Étude sur les blessures.
[edit] Sources
- Labbé, Jean (2005). "Ambroise Tardieu: The man and his work on child maltreatment a century before Kempe". Child Abuse & Neglect 29: 311–324. doi:.
- Masson, Jeffrey Moussaieff (1984). Assault on the Truth. New York: Farrar Straus. ISBN 978-0374106423.
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b Auguste Ambroise Tardieu (www.whonamedit.com)
- ^ Tardieu's syndrome (www.whonamedit.com)
- ^ Tardieu's ecchymoses or spots (www.whonamedit.com)
 This biographical article related to medicine is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
