19 (number)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| 19 | |
|---|---|
| Cardinal | nineteen |
| Ordinal | 19th (nineteenth) |
| Numeral system | nonadecimal |
| Factorization | prime |
| Divisors | 1, 19 |
| Roman numeral | XIX |
| Binary | 10011 |
| Octal | 23 |
| Duodecimal | 17 |
| Hexadecimal | 13 |
19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. It is a prime number.
Contents |
[edit] In mathematics
Nineteen is the 8th smallest prime number. The sequence continues 23, 29, 31, 37... 19 is the seventh Mersenne prime exponent. 19 is the smallest Higgs prime for squares and cubes that has an index among Higgs primes that is less than its index among primes overall (because 17 is not a Higgs prime).
[edit] In science
- The atomic number of Potassium.
[edit] In religion
- The number of angels guarding Hell according to the Qur'an: "Over it is nineteen" (74:30)
- The number of surat Maryam in the Qur'an
- The number of Arabic letters in the common formula, the Basmala, "In the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful," being (without vowel marks) "bsm allh alrḥmn alrḥym" [1]
- A number allegedly encoded in the Qur'an [2] as claimed by Dr. Rashad Khalifa, a biochemist from the USA [3]
- The Bahá'í calendar is structured such that a year contains 19 months of 19 days each, as well as a 19-year cycle and a 361-year (19x19) supercycle. The Báb and his disciples formed a group of 19, and there were 19 Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh.
[edit] In music
19 is the debut album from English soul and jazz singer Adele.
"19" is a 1985 hit song by Paul Hardcastle, with a strong anti-war message, including sampled soundbites taken from a documentary about the Vietnam War in which 19 is claimed to have been the average age of United States soldiers killed in the conflict (an assertion which is widely disputed). The song was parodied by British satirist Rory Bremner as N-n-nineteen, Not Out, the title referring to the English cricket team's risible performance against the West Indies in the previous year.
With a similar name and anti-Vietnam War theme, I Was Only 19 (A Walk in the Light Green), by the Australian group Redgum reached number one on the Australian charts in 1983. In 2005 a hip hop version of the song was produced by The Herd, and was voted in at #18 in the 2005 Triple J Hottest 100 playlist.
Other songs with the number 19 in their titles:
- "Nineteen" by Buck-O-Nine
- "Nineteen" by Phil Lynott
- "Nineteen" by the Old 97's
- "Hey Nineteen" by Steely Dan
- "19th Nervous Breakdown" by the Rolling Stones
- "Nineteen Forever" by Joe Jackson
- "I Got A Feeling (Just Nineteen)" by Eagles of Death Metal
- "Nineteen in Naples" by Jonathan Richman
- "Nineteen" by Tegan and Sara
- "Balance of the 19" by Secret Chiefs 3
Nineteen has been used as an alternative to twelve for a division of the octave into equal parts. This idea goes back to Salinas in the sixteenth century, and is interesting in part because it gives a system of meantone tuning, being close to 1/3 comma meantone.
19 is also the title of Evan Yo's first album, because Evan was nineteen years old when the album released.
Some organs use the 19th harmonic to approximate a minor third.
[edit] Literature
- Stephen King's seven book epic The Dark Tower saga deploys the number 19 in books The Gunslinger, Wolves of the Calla, Song of Susannah, and The Dark Tower as a mysterious and important number. Such as the Ka-Tet of nineteen and many names adding up to nineteen, along with the number being a powerful key.
[edit] Historical years
A.D. 19, 19 B.C., 1919, 2019, etc.
