Wolf Prize in Chemistry
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Wolf Prize in Chemistry is awarded once a year by the Wolf Foundation. It is one of the six Wolf Prizes established by the Foundation and awarded since 1978; the others are in Agriculture, Mathematics, Medicine, Physics and Arts. The Prize is often considered the most prestigious award in chemistry after the Nobel Prize[1].
[edit] Laureates[2]
| Year | Name | Nationality | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | Carl Djerassi |  United States |
for his work in bioorganic chemistry, application of new spectroscopic techniques, and his support of international cooperation. |
| 1979 | Herman Mark |  Austria / United States |
for his contributions to understanding the structure and behavior of natural and synthetic polymers. |
| 1980 | Henry Eyring |  Mexico / United States |
for his development of absolute rate theory and its imaginative applications to chemical and physical processes. |
| 1981 | Joseph Chatt |  United Kingdom |
for pioneering and fundamental contributions to synthetic transition metal chemistry, particularly transition metal hydrides and dinitrogen complexes. |
| 1982 | John Charles Polanyi |  Canada |
for his studies of chemical reactions in unprecedented detail by developing the infrared chemiluminiscence technique, and for envisaging the chemical laser. |
| George C. Pimentel | United States |
for development of matrix isolation spectroscopy and for the discovery of photodissociation lasers and chemical lasers. | |
| 1983/4 | Herbert S. Gutowsky | United States |
for his pioneering work in the development and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in chemistry. |
| Harden M. McConnell | United States |
for his studies of the electronic structure of molecules through paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and for the introduction and biological applications of spin label techniques. | |
| John S. Waugh | United States |
for his fundamental theoretical and experimental contributions to high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in solids. | |
| 1984/5 | Rudolph A. Marcus | Canada / United States |
for his contributions to chemical kinetics, especially the theories of unimolecular reactions and electron transfer reactions. |
| 1986 | Elias James Corey | United States |
for outstanding research on the synthesis of many highly complex natural products and the demonstration of novel ways of thinking about such syntheses. |
| Albert Eschenmoser |  Switzerland |
for outstanding research on the synthesis, stereochemistry and reaction mechanisms for formation of natural products, especially Vitamin-B12. | |
| 1987 | David C. Phillips David M. Blow |
United Kingdom United Kingdom |
for their contributions to protein X-ray crystallography and to the elucidation of structures of enzymes and their mechanisms of action. |
| 1988 | Joshua Jortner Raphael David Levine |
 Israel Israel |
for their incisive theoretical studies elucidating energy acquisition and disposal in molecular systems and mechanisms for dynamical selectivity and specificity. |
| 1989 | Duilio Arigoni Alan R. Battersby |
Switzerland United Kingdom |
for their fundamental contributions to the elucidation of the mechanism of enzymic reactions and of the biosynthesis of natural products, in particular the pigments of life. |
| 1990 | No award | ||
| 1991 | Richard R. Ernst | Switzerland |
for his revolutionary contributions to NMR spectroscopy, especially Fourier-transform and two-dimensional NMR |
| Alexander Pines |  Rhodesia / United States |
for his revolutionary contributions to NMR spectroscopy, especially multiple-quantum and high-spin NMR. | |
| 1992 | John Pople | United Kingdom |
for his outstanding contributions to theoretical chemistry, particularly in developing effective and widely used modern quantum- chemical methods. |
| 1993 | Ahmed Hassam Zewail |  Egypt / United States |
for pioneering the development of laser femtochemistry. Using lasers and molecular beams, femtochemistry has made it now possible to probe the evolution of chemical reactions as they actually happen in real time. |
| 1994/5 | Richard Lerner Peter Schultz |
United States United States |
for converting antibodies into enzymes, thus permitting the catalysis of chemical reactions considered impossible to achieve by classical chemical procedures. |
| 1995/6 | Gilbert Stork Samuel J. Danishefsky |
United States United States |
for designing and developing novel chemical reactions which have opened new avenues to the synthesis of complex molecules, particularly polysaccharides and many other biologically and medicinally important compounds. |
| 1996/7 | No award | ||
| 1998 | Gerhard Ertl Gabor A. Somorjai |
 Germany Hungary |
for their outstanding contributions to the field of the surface science in general, and for their elucidation of fundamental mechanisms of heterogeneous catalytic reactions at single crystal surfaces in particular. |
| 1999 | Raymond U. Lemieux | Canada |
for his fundamental and seminal contributions to the study and synthesis of oligosaccharides and to the elucidation of their role in molecular recognition in biological systems. |
| 2000 | Frank Albert Cotton | United States |
for opening up an entirely new phase of transition metal chemistry based on pairs and clusters of metal atoms directly linked by single or multiple bonds. |
| 2001 | Henri B. Kagan Ryoji Noyori K. Barry Sharpless |
 France Japan United States |
for their pioneering, creative and crucial work in developing asymmetric catalysis for the synthesis of chiral molecules, greatly increasing mankind's ability to create new products of fundamental and practical importance. |
| 2002/3 | No award | ||
| 2004 | Harry B. Gray | United States |
for pioneering work in bio-inorganic chemistry, unravelling novel principles of structure and long-range electron transfer in proteins. |
| 2005 | Richard N. Zare | United States |
for his ingenious applications of laser techniques, for identifying complex mechanisms in molecules, and their use in analytical chemistry. |
| 2006/7 | Ada Yonath George Feher |
Israel United States |
for ingenious structural discoveries of the ribosomal machinery of peptide-bond formation and the light-driven primary processes in photosynthesis. |
| 2008 | William E. Moerner Allen J. Bard |
United States United States |
for the ingenious creation of a new field of science, single molecule spectroscopy and electrochemistry, with impact at the nanoscopic regime, from the molecular and cellular domain to complex material systems. |
[edit] References
- ^ Basolo, F: "From Coello to Inorganic Chemistry: A Lifetime of Reactions", page 65, Springer, 2002
- ^ Wolf Prize Recipients in Chemistry
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