Vierendeel bridge

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Vierendeel bridge
Vierendeel bridge at Grammene, Belgium
Ancestor:	Truss bridge
Related:	None
Descendant:	None
Carries:	Pedestrians, pipelines, automobiles, trucks, light rail, heavy rail
Span range:	Short to medium
Material:	steel, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete
Movable:	Movable bridges of this type are very rare. Only one swing bridge of this type is known [1]
Design effort:	High (computer analysis required)
Falsework required:	Depends upon length, materials, and degree of prefabrication

A Vierendeel bridge is a bridge employing a Vierendeel truss. Such trusses do not have the usual trianglular voids seen in a pin–joint truss bridge, rather employing rectangular openings and rigid connections in the elements, which (unlike a conventional truss) must also resist substantial bending forces. Owing to a lesser economy of materials and difficult design before the advent of computers this truss is rarely used in a bridge outside Belgium, although common in some building structures where large shear walls or diagonal elements would interfere with the desired design statement or functionality.

The first such bridge was built in steel at Avelgem in Arthur Vierendeel's native Belgium in 1902, following development of the truss form and a method to calculate its strength in 1896 by Arthur Vierendeel. There are many more in Belgium, also in concrete, mostly designd by Vierendeel's many students in a long career as professor in civil engineering.