Tukang Besi language
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| Tukang Besi | ||
|---|---|---|
| Spoken in: | Indonesia | |
| Region: | Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Archipelago | |
| Total speakers: | 200,000 | |
| Language family: | Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian (MP) Nuclear MP Sunda-Sulawesi Muna-Buton Tukangbesi-Bonerate Tukang Besi |
|
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | map | |
| ISO 639-3: | either: khc – Tukang Besi North bhq – Tukang Besi South |
|
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Tukang Besi is an Austronesian language spoken in the Tukang Besi archipelago in south-east Sulawesi in Indonesia by some 200,000 speakers. It is also an archipelago called the Tukangbesi Islands, where many of the speakers live.
[edit] Sounds
Tukang Besi has 25 consonant phonemes and a basic 5-vowel system. It features stress which is usually on the second to last syllable. The language features two implosive consonants, which are uncommon in the world's languages. The coronal plosives and /s/ have prenasalized counterparts which act as separate phonemes.
| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Velar | Glottal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||
| Plosive | plain | p | b | t̪ | (d̪) | k | g | ʔ | |
| prenasalized | mp | mb | n̪t̪ | n̪d̪ | ŋk | ŋg | |||
| Implosive | ɓ | ɗ̪ | |||||||
| Fricative | plain | β | s | (z) | h | ||||
| prenasalized | n̪s̪ | ||||||||
| Trill | r | ||||||||
| Lateral | l̪ | ||||||||
/b/ only appears in loanwords, though it contrasts with /ɓ/. [d] and [z] are not phonemic and appear only as allophones of /dʒ/ which appears only in loanwords.
[edit] External links
- The Tukang Besi papers - A collection of various scientific papers on Tukang Besi
- Ethnologue report for northern Tukang Besi
- Ethnologue report for southern Tukang Besi
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