Timeline of the Napoleonic era

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Timeline of the Napoleonic era (1799–1815). The Napoleonic era began in 1799 with Napoleon Bonaparte's coup d'état, that overthrew the Directory and established the French Consulate. It ended in 1815 during the Hundred Days with his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo or a few days later when he abdicated for the second time.

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[edit] Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon I of France (born Napoleone di Buonaparte, later Napoleon Bonaparte)[1] (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French military and political leader who had significant impact on modern European history. He was a general during the French Revolution, the ruler of France as Premier Consul of the French Republic, Empereur des Français, King of Italy, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine.

Born in Corsica and trained in mainland France as an artillery officer, he first rose to prominence as a general of the French Revolution, leading several successful campaigns against the First Coalition and the Second Coalition arrayed against France. In late 1799, Napoleon staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul; five years later he became the Emperor of the French. In the first decade of the nineteenth century, he turned the armies of France against almost every major European power, dominating continental Europe through a lengthy streak of military victories—epitomized through battles such as Austerlitz and Friedland—and through the formation of extensive alliance systems. He appointed close friends and several members of his family as monarchs and important government figures of French-dominated states.

The disastrous French invasion of Russia in 1812 marked a turning point in Napoleon's fortunes. The campaign wrecked the Grande Armée, which never regained its previous strength. In October 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig and then invaded France. The coalition forced Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814, exiling him to the island of Elba. Less than a year later, he returned to France and regained control of the government in the Hundred Days (les Cent Jours) prior to his final defeat at Waterloo on 18 June 1815. Napoleon spent the remaining six years of his life under British supervision on the island of St. Helena.

[edit] Early years

[edit] 1769

  • August 15: Napoleon Bonaparte born in Ajaccio, Corsica

[edit] 1785

  • October 28: Graduates from Ecole Militaire with the rank of second lieutenant in the artillery.
  • November 3: Stationed in Valence
  • October 15: At the home of Paul Francois Barras, a Directory member, Napoleon meets Rose de Beauharnais (Josephine)
  • October 16: Barras helps Napoleon win promotion to Commander of the Army of the Interior
  • March 2:Napoleon is given command of the French army in Italy

[edit] 1793

  • December 22: For his courage at an internal French battle at Toulon, Napoleon receives the new rank of brigadier general

[edit] 1794

  • August 9-20: Napoleon is imprisoned under suspicion of being a Jacobin and a supporter of Robespierre and narrowly avoids death.

[edit] 1795

  • June 13: Napoleon is promoted to General of the Army of the West
  • October 5: Royalist Vendemaire rising put down by Napoleon. Napoleon appointed commander of the interior.
  • 2 November: Directory established


[edit] 1796

[edit] 1797

[edit] 1798

  • May 19: Napoleon begins his Egyptian campaign with an army of 38,000
  • July 21: Wins Battle of the Pyramids against Mamelukes in Egypt
  • July 24: Fall of Cairo
  • August 1: Under the command of Admiral Nelson, the British fleet destroys the French navy in the Battle of Aboukir Bay. Napoleon's army is cut off from supplies and communication.

[edit] Napoleonic era

[edit] 1799

[edit] 1800

[edit] 1801

[edit] 1802

[edit] 1804

  • March 21: Introduction of the Civil Code (also known as Code Napoleon)
  • May: Napoleon proclaimed Emperor by the Senate.
  • December 2: Napoleon crowns himself Emperor, in the company of the Pope.

[edit] 1805

Lord Admiral Nelson Killed.

[edit] 1806

  • March 30: Napoleon names his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, king of Naples, and appoints other family members to various other posts
  • July 12: Confederation of the Rhine, Napoleon as ‘protector’. Initially had 16 member states, later others added, including kingdoms of Saxony and Westphilia
  • Holy Roman Empire abolished
  • September 15: Prussia joins Britain and Russia against Napoleon
  • October 14: Battle of Jena
  • October 14: Battle of Auerstadt.
  • November 21: The Berlin Decree (1806), which initiated the Contiental System was issued.

[edit] 1807

[edit] 1808

  • March 17: Imperial University established
  • May 2: Spanish people rose up against France. Often referred to as Dos de Mayo.
  • July 7: Joseph crowned King of Spain, after Portugal revolts against the Continental System/Blockade Napoleon had put in place. Napoleon collected 5 armies to advance into Portugal and 'bullied' the Spanish royal family into resigning.
Peninsular War

[edit] 1809

[edit] 1811

  • March 20: Napoleon's son born, referred to as the "King of Rome"

[edit] 1812

[edit] 1813

[edit] 1814

[edit] 1815

Main: Hundred Days: Timeline
Beginning of the Hundred Days

[edit] Exile

[edit] 1821

[edit] References

  • Jack Allen Meyer (1987). An Annotated Bibliography of the Napoleonic Era: Recent Publications, 1945-1985 ISBN 0313249016