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This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events between the fall of Quebec as part of New France during the French and Indian Wars and as part of British North America, the establishment of the Quebec Act.
- 1760 - French-Canadian Forces defeat the British on the Plains of Abraham on April 26.
- 1760 - On May 9, British ships arrive at Quebec City, forcing the French Army back to Montreal.
- 1760 - The Battle of Restigouche in what is now the Province of New Brunswick, is the last battle between France and Britain for possession of Canada, during the Seven Years' War.
- 1760 - On September 8, Montreal capitulates. Governor Vaudreuil surrenders to the British army on the terms of a treaty of capitulation. See Articles of Capitulation of Montreal.
- 1763 - The Seven Years' War ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10. France gives the northerly portion of New France to the British in favour of keeping Guadaloupe.
- 1763 - Hanging of Marie-Josephte Corriveau on April 18, for the murder of her second husband.
- 1763 - In May, Indian Chief Pontiac leads a series of raids against British trade posts.
- 1763 - With the October 7 Royal Proclamation by the British Parliament, the area then referred to by the natives as Canada is renamed the Province of Quebec.
- 1763 - James Murray is made governor of the Province of Quebec on November 21.
- 1764 - William Brown and Thomas Gilmore publish the first edition of The Quebec Gazette / La Gazette de Québec on June 21.
- 1764 - On September 17, the civil courts are established, ending the military rule of the Province of Quebec which had been in place during the Seven Years' War.
- 1764 - The Government in Great Britain denies the request by British colonial merchants that the French civil code be replaced by British common law and that a House of Assembly be created for Anglophone Protestant alone.
- 1764 - On October 29, 94 "Canadien" merchants submit a first petition requesting that the orders of the King be available in the French language and that they be allowed to participate in the government.
- 1764 - Exiled Acadians are permitted to return to Nova Scotia.
- 1765 - The population of the Province of Quebec is 69 810.
- 1768 - On October 26, Guy Carleton, later baron of Dorchester, becomes governor of the province of Quebec.
- 1773 - In October and November, British and French speaking merchants of the Colonial Province of Quebec submit petititions to the Parliament of Great Britain requesting a legislative assembly.
- 1773 - In December, French speaking landlords of the Colonial Province of Quebec submit a petition and a memoir to the Parliament of Great Britain requesting they be granted the same rights and privileges of the other British subjects.
- 1774 - On June 13, the British Parliament enacts the Quebec Act which is given Royal Assent on June 22. The Act will be effective as of May 1, 1775.
- 1774 - The First Continental Congress issues its Articles of Association condemning the Quebec Act for creating an "arbitrary government", and disposing "the inhabitants to act with hostility against the free Protestant colonies, whenever a wicked ministry shall chuse so to direct them."
- 1775 - Green Mountain Boys under Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold take Fort Ticonderoga on May 9, Fort Crown Point on May 11, and Fort St. Jean on May 18.
- 1775 - On May 22, Monsieur Jean-Olivier Briand writes a mandement inviting the Catholics of the Province of Quebec to ignore the invitation of the rebels of the south and defend their country and their King.
- 1775 - On May 29, the American Continental Congress writes a Letter to the Inhabitants of Canada inviting them to join in the revolution.
- 1775 - Montreal capitulates to the Americans on November 13.
- 1776 - United States Declaration of Independence signed on July 4.
- 1775 - The troops of Richard Montgomery are defeated before Quebec City on December 31.
- 1778 - In the spring, the Gazette du Commerce et Littéraire pour la Ville et District de Montréal is founded in Montreal by the American printer Fleury Mesplet.
- 1779 - On June 2, The publishing of the Gazette Littéraire is stopped.
- 1779 - Fleury Mesplet and Valentin Jautard are arrested by order of the governor on June 4.
