Third World Socialism

Third World Socialism was a variant of Socialism preached by Nyerere, al-Bitar, Aflaq, Nasser, Nehru, Ben-Gurion, Muammar al-Gaddafi, Zulfikar Bhutto, Buddhadasa and other such socialist leaders of the Third World who saw a non-soviet/non-communist version of socialism as the answer to a strong and developed nation.

It may be described as a ideologically specific form of third worldism, and it is made up of African Socialism, Arab Socialism, Nasserism, Nehruism, Labour Zionism, Islamic Socialism (although Gaddafi's version was obviously soviet-aligned and Bhutto's was western-aligned and resembled, allied and inspired itself in democratic socialism/social democracy and had membership in the Socialist International) and Buddhist socialism. Kemalism can arguably be added to the list, as it happeared before the notion of Third World was created in post-WWII and Turkey is a bit more developped than the typical notion of a Third World Country. But as it was used as a model of government after the Turkish Independence War to rebuild Turkey and recover it from the underdeveloppement of Ottoman Turkey, creating a strong nation in face of the prospect of European Colonialism, it can be considered as reaching the templates of a Third World Socialism movement. Iran experienced a short Third World Socialism period under the rise of the Tudeh Party after the abdication of the Sha. After failing to reach power, Mossadegh's populist semi-socialist soviet-aligned Iranian nationalism of the National Front replaced it as the main anti-monarchy force in Iran, reaching power (1949 - 1953), and even in oposition after the overthrowning of Mossadegh it remained with that strength until the rise of islamism and the Islamic Revolution. ^[1] The Tudeh has moved towards basic socialist communism since ^[2].