Tau-protein kinase

ATP + [tau-protein] $\rightleftharpoons$ ADP + O-phospho-[tau-protein]

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and tau-protein, whereas its two products are ADP and O-phospho-tau-protein.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring a phosphate group to the sidechain oxygen atom of serine or threonine residues in proteins (protein-serine/threonine kinases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:[tau-protein] O-phosphotransferase. Other names in common use include ATP:tau-protein O-hosphotransferase, brain protein kinase PK40erk, cdk5/p20, CDK5/p23, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, GSK, protein tau kinase, STK31, tau kinase, [tau-protein] kinase, tau-protein kinase I, tau-protein kinase II, tau-tubulin kinase, TPK, TPK I, TPK II, and TTK. This enzyme participates in 14 metabolic pathways: erbb signaling pathway, cell cycle, wnt signaling pathway, hedgehog signaling pathway, axon guidance, focal adhesion, b cell receptor signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, melanogenesis, alzheimer's disease, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, and basal cell carcinoma.

[edit] Structural studies

As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2JDO, 2JDR, and 2UW9.

IUBMB entry for 2.7.11.26
BRENDA references for 2.7.11.26 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 2.7.11.26
PubMed Central references for 2.7.11.26
Google Scholar references for 2.7.11.26
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Lund ET, McKenna R, Evans DB, Sharma SK, Mathews WR (2001). "Characterization of the in vitro phosphorylation of human tau by tau protein kinase II (cdk5/p20) using mass spectrometry". J. Neurochem. 76: 1221–32. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00130.x. PMID 11181841.
Takashima A (1998). "Characterization of tau phosphorylation in glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and cyclin dependent kinase-5 activator (p23) transfected cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1380: 177–82. PMID 9565682.
Sugio S, Kohno T, Matsuzaki T (Pt 11). "Expression, purification and crystallization of human tau-protein kinase I/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta". Acta. Crystallogr. D. Biol. Crystallogr. 56: 1464–5. doi:10.1107/S0907444900010386. PMID 11053853.