Streptococcus bovis

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Streptococcus bovis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Streptococcaceae
Genus: Streptococcus
Species: S. bovis
Binomial name
Streptococcus bovis
Orla-Jensen 1919

Streptococcus bovis is a catalase-negative, non-motile, non-sporulating, Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium that grows as pairs or chains of cocci.[1] It is a member of the Lancefield group D streptococci, and most strains are non- or gamma-hemolytic, but some also display alpha-hemolytic activity on ovine blood agar plates. S. bovis is commonly found in the alimentary tract of cows, sheep, and other ruminants.[2]

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[edit] Pathogenicity

S. bovis is a known human pathogen that has been implicated in cases of human endocarditis.[3] In rare instances, it was also the causative agent of neonatal septicemia and meningitis.[4][5][6]

It is also associated with colon cancer,[7] and one study indicated that patients with colonic neoplasms had S. bovis bacteremia 15% of the time.[8] However, research has not yet determined if this organism is the causative agent of colon cancer, or if pre-existing cancer makes the lumen of the large intestine more hospitable for S. bovis outgrowth.[9]

[edit] Ruminal effects

Because S. bovis is a lactic acid bacterium, when abundant starch or sugar enters the rumen, this bacterium rapidly ferments these substrates and the pH of the rumen declines dramatically. This can cause deleterious conditions such as rumen acidosis or feedlot bloat.[10]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Schlegel, L., Grimont, R., Ageron, E., Grimont, P.A.D. and A. Bouvet. 2003. Reappraisal of the taxonomy of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex and related species: description of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus subsp. nov., S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus subsp. nov. and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus subsp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 53:631-645
  2. ^ Ghali, M.B., Scott, P.T. and R.A.M. Al Jassim. 2004. Characterization of Streptococcus bovis from the rumen of the dromedary camel and Rusa deer. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 39(4):341–346.
  3. ^ Ryan K.J. and C.G. Ray CG (editors). 2004. Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-8385-8529-9.
  4. ^ Headings, D.L., Herrera, A., Mazzi, E. and M.A. Bergman. 1978. Fulminant neonatal septicemia caused by Streptococcus bovis.. J. Pediatr. 92(2):282-283.
  5. ^ White, B.A., Labhsetwar, S.A. and A.N. Mian. 2002. Streptococcus bovis bacteremia and fetal death. Obstet. Gynec. 100:1126-1129
  6. ^ Grant, R.J., Whitehead, T.R. and J.E. Orr. 2000. Streptococcus bovis meningitis in an infant. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38(1):462–463.
  7. ^ RS Klein, RA Recco, MT Catalano, SC Edberg, JI Casey, and NH Steigbigel. 1977. Association of Streptococcus bovis with carcinoma of the colon. NEJM. 297:800-802
  8. ^ Alazmi, W., Bustamante, M., O’Loughlin, C., Gonzalez, J. and J.B. Raskin. 2006. The association of Streptococcus bovis bacteremia and gastrointestinal diseases: A retrospective analysis. Digest. Disease. Sci. 51(4):732-736.
  9. ^ zur Hausen, H. 2006. Streptococcus bovis: Causal or incidental involvement in cancer of the colon? Int. J. Cancer 119(9):xi - xii.
  10. ^ Narito, A. and H. Tsuneo. 2002. Regulation of fermentation in a ruminal bacterium, Streptococcus bovis, with special reference to rumen acidosis. Animal Sci. J. 73(5):313-325.

[edit] External links


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