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An alternative, catalyst free method for transesterification uses supercritical methanol at high temperatures and pressures in a continuous process. In the supercritical state, the oil and methanol are in a singe phase, and reaction occurs spontaneously and rapidly. [1] The process can tolerate water in the feedstock, free fatty acids are converted to methyl esters instead of soap, and the catalyst removal step is eliminated. [2] The high temperatures and pressures required add to the capital cost of the plant, but energy costs of production are similar or slightly less than catalytic production routes. [3]

[edit] references

  1. ^ Bunkyakiat, Kunchana; Et Al (2006). "Continuous Production of Biodiesel via Transesterification from Vegetable Oils in Supercritical Methanol". Energy and Fuels 20: 812-817. American Chemical Society. 
  2. ^ Vera, C.R.; S.A. D'Ippolito, C.L. Pieck, J.M.Parera (2005-8-14). "Production of biodiesel by a two-step supercritical reaction process with adsorption refining". 2nd Mercosur Congress on Chemical Engineering, 4th Mercosur Congress on Process Systems Engineering. Retrieved on 2007-12-20. 
  3. ^ Kusdiana, Dadan; Saka, Shiro. Biodiesel fuel for diesel fuel substitute prepared by a catalyst free supercritical methanol. Retrieved on 2007-12-20.