Sialolithiasis
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| Sialolithiasis Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | K11.5 |
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| ICD-9 | 527.5 |
| DiseasesDB | 29364 |
| MeSH | D015494 |
Sialolithiasis refers to the formation of stones in the salivary glands. Stones are most commonly found in the submandibular gland, where stones can obstruct Wharton's duct. It is frequently associated with chronic infection (Staphylococcus aureus, Steptococcus viridans) of the glands, dehydration (phenothiazines), and/or increased local levels of Calcium, but in many cases can arise idiopathically. Pain, when present, usually originates from the floor of the mouth, although in many cases the stones cause only intermittent swelling.
Since mastication (chewing) promotes release of saliva, symptoms tend to increase during meals. A palpable lump or visible swelling in the area of the gland is often noted.
Complications include persistent obstruction of the duct, leading to bacterial invasion, overgrowth and infection (sialoadenitis). This can require IV antibiotics such as Nafcillin, and sometimes surgical drainage.
Diagnosis: Usually by characteristic history and physical examination
Treatment: hydration, moist heat, NSAIDs occasionally. Sucking on something sour, such as a lemon, may increase salivation and promote spontaneous expulsion of the stone. Either an ENT or Maxillofacial surgeon may canulate the duct to remove the stone if symptoms persist.
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