Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York

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This article is about the son of King Edward IV who was imprisoned in the Tower of London. For the article about the father of King Edward IV and King Richard III see Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York.

Richard of Shrewsbury
Duke of York
Detail Titles and styles
HRH The Duke of York
Royal house	House of York
Father	Edward IV of England
Mother	Elizabeth Woodville
Born	17 August 1473 Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Died	unknown and disputed

Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk (17 August 1473 – 1483?) was the sixth child and second son of King Edward IV of England and Elizabeth Woodville. He was born in Shrewsbury. He was a younger brother of Elizabeth of York, Mary of York, Cecily of York, Edward V of England and Margaret Plantagenet (Princess of York). He was also an older brother of Anne of York, George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford, Catherine of York and Bridget of York.

He was created Duke of York in 1474. From this time on, it became a tradition for the second son of the British sovereign to be Duke of York. On 15 January 1478, when he was about 4 years old, he married the 5-year-old Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk, who had inherited the vast Mowbray estates in 1476. Because York's father-in-law's dukedom had become extinct when Anne could not inherit it, he was created Duke of Norfolk in 1481.

His father died on 9 April 1483. Thus his brother Edward, Prince of Wales, became King of England and was acclaimed as such, and Richard his Heir Presumptive. This was not to last. Robert Stillington, the Bishop of Bath and Wells, testified that Edward IV had agreed to marry Lady Eleanor Talbot in 1461. Lady Eleanor was still alive when Edward married Elizabeth Woodville in 1464. The Regency council under Richard Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Gloucester, concluded that this was a case of bigamy, invalidating the second marriage and the legitimacy of all children of Edward IV by this marriage. Under Richard's influence, both Edward and Richard were declared illegitimate and removed from the line of succession on 25 June 1483. The Duke of Gloucester, as a surviving younger brother of Edward IV, became King Richard III.

The Duke of York was sent to the Tower of London by King Richard in mid-1483. What happened to him and his brother—the Princes in the Tower—after that has been the subject of much speculation and debate. In the 1490s, Perkin Warbeck claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, but he is generally considered to have been an imposter, and was labelled thus by the Tudor regime. Richard's might have been the smaller of two skeletons discovered in a chest in the Tower in 1674, but there is as yet no conclusive (by modern investigative standards) evidence one way or the other.

Contents 1 In popular culture 2 Titles, styles, honours and arms 2.1 Arms 3 Ancestry 4 References 5 See also 6 External links

[edit] In popular culture

The comedy series The Black Adder features an alternative history where Richard succeeded his uncle King Richard III to the throne as King Richard IV of England (reigned 1485–1498, though Richard has two grown up sons in The Black Adder in 1485, when in reality he would have been twelve years old) before being poisoned and succeeded by King Henry VII.

[edit] Titles, styles, honours and arms

[edit] Arms

As son of the sovereign, Richard was granted use of the arms of the kingdom, differentiated by a label argent, on the first point a canton gules.^[1]

[edit] Ancestry

v • d • e Ancestors of Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York

16. Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York               8. Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge                       17. Isabella of Castile               4. Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York                             18. Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March               9. Anne de Mortimer                       19. Alianore de Holland               2. Edward IV of England                                   20. John Neville, 3rd Baron Neville de Raby               10. Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland                       21. Maud Percy               5. Cecily Neville                             22. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster               11. Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland                       23. Katherine Swynford               1. Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York                                         24. Richard Wydeville               12. Sir Richard Wydevill                       25. Elizabeth Lyons               6. Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers                             26. John Bodulgate               13. Elizabeth Bodulgate                       27. Joan Beauchamp               3. Elizabeth Woodville                                   28. Jean I de Luxembourg, Comte de Brienne               14. Pierre I de Luxembourg, Comte de St. Pol, Brienne and Conversano                       29. Marguerite d'Enghien, Comtesse de Brienne               7. Jacquetta of Luxembourg                             30. Francois de Baux, Duke of Andria               15. Margherita del Balzo                       31. Sueva Orsini del Balzo

[edit] References

1. ^ Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family

• Ashley, Mike (2002). British Kings & Queens. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-1104-3.  page 218
• Weir, Alison (1995). The Princes in the Tower. Ballantine Books.. ISBN 0-3453-9178-0. 

[edit] See also

• Princes in the Tower

[edit] External links

• The Peerage.com
• The Princes in the Tower
• stirnet.com
• Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York at Find A Grave

Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York and 1st Duke of Norfolk House of York Born: 17 August 1473 Died: 1483?
English royalty
Preceded by Edward, Prince of Wales	Heir to the Throne as heir presumptive 9 April 1483 – 22 June 1483	Succeeded by Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales
Political offices
Preceded by The 4th Duke of Norfolk	Earl Marshal 1476 – 1483	Succeeded by The 1st Duke of Norfolk
Peerage of England
New creation	Duke of York 2nd creation 1474 – 1483	Extinct
	Duke of Norfolk 2nd creation 1481 – 1483

v • d • e Dukes of York HRH The Prince Andrew, Duke of York Edmund of Langley (1385–1402) · Edward of Norwich (1402–1415) · Richard Plantagenet (1415-1460) · Edward of York (1460-1461) · Richard of Shrewsbury (1474-1483) · Henry (1494-1509) · Charles (1605-1625) · James (1633/1644-1685) · Ernest Augustus (1716-1728) · Edward (1760-1767) · Frederick (1784-1827) · George (1892-1910) · Albert (1920-1936)

v • d • e Dukes of Norfolk House of Plantagenet (1397-1399) Margaret (1397-1399) House of Mowbray (1399-1481) Thomas I (1399) • John I (1425-1432) • John II (1432-1461) • John III (1461-1476) • Anne (1476-1481) House of Plantagenet (1481-1483) Richard (1481-1483) House of Howard (1483-1572) John IV (1483-1485) • Thomas II (1514-1524) • Thomas III (1524-1547, 1553-1554) • Thomas IV (1554-1572) House of Howard (1660-) Thomas V (1660-1677) • Henry I (1677-1684) • Henry II (1684-1701) • Thomas VI (1701-1732) • Edward I (1732-1777) • Charles I (1777-1786) • Charles II (1786-1815) • Bernard I (1815-1842) • Henry III (1842-1856) • Henry IV (1856-1860) • Henry V (1860-1917) • Bernard II (1917-1975) • Miles (1975-2002) • Edward II (2002-)