Psalm 130
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Psalm 130 (Greek numbering: Psalm 129), traditionally referred to as De profundis, after its Latin incipit, is one of the penitential psalms.
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[edit] Commentary
This lament, a Penitential Psalm, is the De profundis used in liturgical prayers for the faithful departed. In deep sorrow the psalmist cries to God (1-2), asking for mercy (3-4). The psalmist's trust (5-6) becomes a model for the people (7-8).
v1. the depths: Sheol here is a metaphor of total misery. Deep anguish makes the psalmist feel "like those who go down to the pit" (Psalm 143:7). Robert Alter points out that '..."the depths" are an epithet for the depths of the sea, which in turn is an image of the realm of death'.[1] Other Bible passages (Creation, the dwelling of Leviathan, Jesus stilling the storm) also resonate with imagery of fear and chaos engendered by the depths of the sea.
v3. our sins. A temporary shift from singular (personal) to the plural (communal); this plurality (the nation, Israel) again appears in the final two verses.
v4. and so you are revered. The experience of God's mercy leads one to a greater sense of God.
[edit] Musical settings
This psalm has been frequently set to music, especially under its Latin incipit De profundis:
- Lili Boulanger
- Marc Antoine Charpentier
- Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis
- Josquin des Pres (two settings)
- John Dowland
- Christoph Gluck
- G.F. Handel
- Arthur Honegger
- Alan Hovhaness
- Felix Mendelssohn
- Thomas Morley
- W.A. Mozart
- Vitezslav Novak
- Arvo Pärt
- Henry Purcell
- Carl Georg Reutter (a setting once attributed to Mozart)
- Johann Schein
- Arnold Schoenberg
- Heinrich Schutz
- Roger Sessions
- Virgil Thomson
- Johann Sebastian Bach as part of the Cantata BWV 131
- Andrea Gabrieli, as part of his Psalmi Davidici
- Orlando di Lasso, as part of his Penitential Psalms
- John Rutter as part of his Requiem
- Frederic Rzewski based on the text of Oscar Wilde
[edit] In literature
The title "De Profundus" was used as the title of a poem by Spanish author Federico García Lorca in his Poema del cante jondo.
A long letter by Oscar Wilde written to his former lover Lord Alfred Douglas near the end of Wilde's life while he was in prison also bears the title "De Profundis," as do poems by Charles Baudelaire, Christina Rossetti, C. S. Lewis, Georg Trakl and Dorothy Parker.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- The King James version at wikisource
- De Profundis - excerpted text of Wilde's De Profundis (1905 version?)
- De Profundis. Catholic Encyclopedia. - From the 1908 Catholic Encyclopedia this short article talks about the hymn's origins, its Jewish use and (pre Vatican II) Roman Catholic usage.
- De profundis at the Internet Movie Database
- Translation of BWV 131: Aus der Tiefen rufe ich, Herr, zu dir.
[edit] References
- ^ Alter, Robert (2007). The Book of Psalms: a translation with commentary. W.W.Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-06226-7.
- http://www.myspace.com/deprofundisuk
- Kuttner, Henry (1953), "De Profundis (also known as The Visitors)", Science Fiction Quarterly.
- Leinster, Murray (1945), "De Profundis", Thrilling Wonder Stories.
- Oracz, Michal (2001), written at Redhill, Surrey, De Profundis: Letters From The Abyss, Hogshead Publishing, <http://www.hogshead.demon.co.uk/newstyle/ns_deprofundis.htm>. ISBN 1-899749-35-7
- http://www.pioneerdivers.org/
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