Pennsylvanian

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Key events in the Carboniferous
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An approximate timescale of key Carboniferous events.
Axis scale: millions of years ago.

The Pennsylvanian is a subperiod of the Carboniferous period lasting from roughly 318.1± 1.3  to 299± 0.8 Ma (million years ago). As with most other geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period are well identified, but the exact date of the start and end are uncertain by a few million years. The Pennsylvanian is named after the state of Pennsylvania, where rocks from this age are widespread.

Generalized geographic map of the United States in Middle Pennsylvanian time.
Generalized geographic map of the United States in Middle Pennsylvanian time.

In North America, where the early Carboniferous beds are primarily marine limestones, the Pennsylvanian is treated as a full fledged geologic period between the Mississippian and the Permian. In Europe, the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian are one more-or-less continuous sequence of lowland continental deposits and are grouped together as the Carboniferous period.

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Carboniferous period
Mississippian Pennsylvanian
Lower/Early Middle Upper/Late Lower/Early Middle Upper/Late
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