Pendleton, Oregon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Pendleton, Oregon | |
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| Motto: The Real West! | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country | United States |
| State | Oregon |
| County | Umatilla |
| Incorporated | 1880 |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Phillip Houk |
| Area | |
| - Total | 10.1 sq mi (26.0 km²) |
| - Land | 10.1 sq mi (26.0 km²) |
| - Water | 0 sq mi (0 km²) |
| Elevation | 1,200 ft (365.8 m) |
| Population (2006) | |
| - Total | 17,310 |
| - Density | 1,627.2/sq mi (628.3/km²) |
| Time zone | Pacific (UTC-8) |
| - Summer (DST) | Pacific (UTC-7) |
| ZIP code | 97801 |
| Area code(s) | 541 |
| FIPS code | 41-57150[1] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1125283[2] |
| Website: http://www.pendleton.or.us | |
Pendleton (pronounced /ˈpɛnəltɨn/) is a city in Umatilla County, Oregon, United States. Pendleton was named in 1868 by the county commissioners for George H. Pendleton, Democratic candidate for Vice-President in the 1864 presidential campaign. The population was 16,354 at the 2000 census. The 2006 estimate is 17,310 residents.[3] It is the county seat of Umatilla County.[4]
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[edit] History
A commercial center in the locality of Pendleton began as early as 1851, when Dr. William C. McKay established a trading post at the mouth of McKay Creek. A Post Office with the name of Marshall (named for the owner of another local store, and sometime gambler) was established April 21, 1865, and later renamed Pendleton. The city was incorporated in 1880.
By 1900, Pendleton had a population of 4,406 and was the fourth-largest city in Oregon. Like many cities in eastern Oregon, it had a flourishing Chinatown from the 1880s into the 1920s.
Pendleton Woolen Mills, founded in 1893, is known world-wide as a maker of fine Indian trading blankets and men's plaid shirts.
In addition to the woolen mills, Pendleton is also famous for its annual rodeo, the Pendleton Round-Up. First held in 1910, it is part of the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) sanctioned rodeo circuit. In 1999, the Pendleton Round-Up Association added a two night Professional Bull Riders Classic to the Annual events. This rodeo is most noted for the fact it is the only PRCA even held on a grass field at the Round-Up Stadium in down town Pendleton.
Pendleton also had a strong Ku Klux Klan (KKK) presence in the city. Catholics commonly faced necktie hangings.[5] Jewish and African American residents were few, however the few that were there were quickly driven out of town. The KKK also rode in the Pendleton Round-Up parade for many years in full white robes.[6] Catholics were also discriminated against, and often not allowed to hold teaching positions in public schools.[7]
In addition Pendleton had a noted red light district, which as late as 1947 counted 20 brothels in the heart of the city. While the threat of a Presbyterian minister in 1953 to read in church a list of names of patrons of the city's brothels closed the district, one survivor, Stella Darby, continued to operate her establishment until she retired in 1965. The four blocks that this red-light district once covered is now the "old town" of Pendleton, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Pendleton has been a center of Culture and Art in the region for many years. Boasting institutions like the Pendleton Center for the Arts (in the town's old Carnegie Library building) and Crow's Shadow Institute of the Arts on the nearby Umatilla Indian Reservation.
Pendleton is also home of EOCI (Eastern Oregon Correctional Institute). EOCI is the state's only facility where the internationally-recognized "Prison Blues " line of blue denim clothing is manufactured. The garment factory is one of two prison industries programs operating at the facility. The prison's commercial laundry cleans clothing and other items for EOCI and Snake River Correctional Institution, in addition to Pendleton's local high school, the city's fire department, the Pendleton Convention Center, and Krusteaz Flour Mill. Other inmate work opportunities include: food service, clerical, and facility maintenance.
[edit] Geography and climate
Pendleton is located at (45.670308, -118.798118).[8] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.1 square miles (26.0 km²), all of it land.
I-84 passes through Pendleton, between Portland to the west and Boise, Idaho to the east. The Umatilla River flows through Pendleton.
| Monthly Normal and Record High and Low Temperatures | ||||||||||||
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rec High °F | 70 | 75 | 80 | 91 | 100 | 108 | 110 | 113 | 102 | 92 | 80 | 67 |
| Norm High °F | 40.1 | 46.5 | 54.8 | 62.2 | 70.2 | 78.7 | 87.7 | 86.6 | 77.1 | 63.8 | 48.5 | 40 |
| Norm Low °F | 27.4 | 30.9 | 35.4 | 39.7 | 45.9 | 52 | 57.5 | 57.3 | 49.7 | 40.7 | 33.8 | 27.7 |
| Rec Low °F | -22 | -18 | 1 | 18 | 25 | 35 | 42 | 40 | 30 | 11 | -12 | -19 |
| Precip (in) | 1.45 | 1.22 | 1.26 | 1.13 | 1.22 | 0.78 | 0.41 | 0.56 | 0.63 | 0.99 | 1.63 | 1.48 |
| Source: USTravelWeather.com [1] | ||||||||||||
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 16,354 people, 5,964 households, and 3,727 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,627.2 people per square mile (628.3/km²). There were 6,352 housing units at an average density of 632.0/sq mi (244.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.15% White, 1.53% African American, 2.52% Native American, 0.94% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 3.68% from other races, and 2.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.00% of the population.
There were 5,964 households out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.4% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the city the population was spread out with 23.5% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 114.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.8 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $36,800, and the median income for a family was $47,410. Males had a median income of $31,763 versus $23,858 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,551. About 8.7% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.4% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Sports and recreation
Every year since 1973, Pendleton has hosted the Oregon School Activities Association 2A basketball tournament.[citation needed] It is held in the Pendleton Convention Center.
The [Pendleton Aquatic Center[2] opened in 1996, it's the only Aquatic center in the region.
[edit] Sister cities
Pendleton has two sister cities:[9]
[edit] Notable residents
- Tracy Baker - Boston Red Sox first baseman
- John Bunnell - Hosted World's Wildest Police Videos
- Dave Cockrum - Comic book artist
- Dave Kingman - Major League Baseball player
- Michael J. Kopetski - Former representative for Oregon's 5th congressional district
- Frances Moore Lappé - Author
- Elaine Miles - Actress who played Marilyn Whirlwind on Northern Exposure
- Roy Schuening - Three-year starting offensive guard for the Oregon State Beavers football team, named to the 2007 ESPN All-bowl team[10]
- Kenneth Snelson - Sculptor and photographer
- Gordon Smith - U.S. Senator from Oregon
- Milan Smith - Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit and brother to Gordon
[edit] References
- ^ a b American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey (2007-10-25). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ PSU:Population Research Center
- ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ American Catholic History Classroom: The Catholic Church and the Knights of Labor: Documents
- ^ Tamastslikt Cultural Institute | Museum and Art Gallery | Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla Tribes
- ^ American Catholic History Classroom: The Catholic Church and the Knights of Labor: Documents
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Oregon Sister Relationships. Oregon Economic & Community Development Department. Retrieved on 2007-03-15.
- ^ http://www.anotherstorm.com/?p=169
[edit] External links
- Pendleton, Oregon is at coordinates Coordinates:
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