Organoaluminium

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An organoaluminium compound is an organometallic compound with a carbon to aluminium bond.^[1]

1 History
2 Special properties
3 Laboratory preparation
4 Reactions
5 See also
6 References

[edit] History

Organoaluminium compounds, little known until the 1950s, have become widely accepted and increasingly important in the field of industry and in the laboratory, particularly after the work of Karl Ziegler and colleagues, who discovered the direct synthesis of trialkylaluminiums and their application to olefin polymerization. A comprehensive review of organoaluminium chemistry appeared in 1972, covering a variety of literature up to late 1971. Other important review articles have been published since then.

[edit] Special properties

Generally Al prefers to have >3 coordination due to electron deficiency unless R groups are very bulky, e.g. Al(Mes)₃ (Mes = 2,4,6-Me₃C₆H₂ or mesityl). The chemistry of organoaluminium compounds can be understood in terms of the dynamic nature of the C−Al bond and the high Lewis acidity of the monomeric species.

A good example of the dynamic nature of the C−Al bond is the dimer, Al₂Me₆.

Al−C−Al bridging persists in non-donor solvents with fast Al-Me exchange which can be confirmed by proton NMR. At −25°C the ¹H NMR of Me₆Al₂ comprises two signals in 1:2 ratio, as expected from the solid state structure. At 20°C, only one signal is observed because exchange of terminal and bridging methyls is too fast to be resolved by NMR. The high Lewis acidity of the monomeric species is directly related to the pronounced tendency of the aluminium atom to build up an octet of electrons.