Order of the Sacred Treasure
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Order of the Sacred Treasure (瑞宝章 Zuihōsho?) is a Japanese Order, established on January 4, 1888 by Emperor Meiji of Japan. It is awarded in 8 classes (from 8th to 1st, in ascending order of importance). Generally awarded for long and/or meritorious service, and considered to be the lowest of the Japanese orders of merit (hosho). Originally a male-only decoration, the order has been made available to women since 1919; it is awarded for both civil and military merit, though of a lesser degree than that required for the conferment of the Order of the Rising Sun. Unlike its European counterparts, the order may be conferred posthumously.
The insignia of the order incorporates symbols for the three imperial treasures: the Yata Mirror, so sacred that not even the Emperor is allowed to look at it; the Yasakani Jewel, which is made of the finest jade; and the Emperor's personal Sword.
The badge for the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth classes is a Maltese cross, in gilt (1st, 3rd and 4th classes), gilt and silver (5th class) and silver (6th class), with white enamelled rays (representing the sword). The central disc is blue, bearing an eight-pointed silver star (representing the mirror), surrounded by a wreath with red-enamelled dots (representing the jewel). The badge is suspended on a ribbon in light blue with a yellow stripe near the border, worn as a sash on the right shoulder by the 1st class, as a necklet by males of the 3rd class, on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle) by the 4th to 6th classes (with a rosette for the 4th class). For ladies of the 3rd to 6th classes, the ribbon is in the form of a bow worn on the left shoulder (with a rosette for the 4th class).
The star for the first and second classes is similar to the badge as described above, but effectively with two sets of Maltese cross, one in gilt and one placed diagonally in silver. It is worn on the left chest by the 1st class, on the right chest (without any other insignia) by the 2nd class.
The badge of the seventh and eighth classes is an eight-pointed silver medal, partially gilded for the 7th class, with representations of just the mirror and the jewel. The badge is suspended on a ribbon, again in light blue with a yellow stripe near the border, worn by men on the left chest (the ribbon folded into a triangle). For ladies, the ribbon is in the form of a bow worn on the left shoulder.
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[edit] The order after the 2003 reform
In 2003 the lowest two classes of the Order were abolished. Moreover, the badges of the Order will from now on be suspended from three white-enamelled paulownia leaves (not chrysanthemum leaves as the Decoration Bureau page claims).
[edit] Selected recipients
- Revisions and sourced additions are welcome.
[edit] 1st class
- Otto Abetz[1]
- Daniel Boorstin, 1986[2]
- Avery Brundage.[3]
- Jules Chanoine.[4]
- Hugh Cortazzi, 1995.[5]
- Takuma Dan, 1932.[6]
- Eliezer Baptista Da Silva.[7]
- Milton Friedman.[8]
- Daniel Hays, 2000.[9]
- James McNaughton Hester, 1981[10]
- Masaru Ibuka.[11]
- Kokichi Mikimoto, 1954 (posthumous).[12]
- Akio Morita, 1991.
- Radhabinod Pal, 1966.
- Tadahiro Sakimoto.[13]
- Kenchichi Yoshizawa.[14]
[edit] 2nd class
- Kaoru Ishikawa (1915-1989).
- Herbert W. Armstrong (1892-1986).[15]
- Joseph M. Juran (1904-2008)
- W. Edwards Deming (1900-1993).[16]
- Samuel A. Goldlith.[17]
- Hugh Patrick.[18]
- Richard W. Pound, 1998.[19]
- RADM William H. Rogers USN
- Sakip Sananci, 1992.[20]
- Jacob Schiff (1847-1920).[21]
- Eugene P. Wilkinson[22]
[edit] 3rd class
- Tse Kai Ann - 1985
- Douglas Greenwald, 1986.[23]
- Akira Ifukube (1914-2006).[24]
- Otsuma Kotaka (1884-1970).
- Miles Wedderburn Lampson (1880-1964).[25]
- Masao Maruyama (1914-1996).[26]
- Genzô Murakami, 1981.[27]
- Isamu Noguchi (1904-1988).[28]
- Thomas Noguchi, 1999.[29]
- Leonard Pronko.[30]
- Eric Gascoigne Robinson (1882-1965).[31]
- Masanobu Tsuji (1902-1961).[32]
- René Sieffert.[33]
- Tadahiro Sekimoto (1926-2007).
- Herbert Cyril Thacker (1870-1953)
- Charles Egbert Tuttle (1915-1993).[34]
- Arthur Young.[35]
- Herbert Zachert, 1976.[36]
[edit] 4th class
- Georg Heer.[37]
- Roy Hisashi Inouye, 2002.[38]
- Herbert Keppler, 2002.[39]
- Junnosuke Ofusa (1908-1994).[40]
- Hidetaka Nishiyama, 2000.[41]
- Franz Seitelberger, 1989.[42]
- Henry Shibata, 2007.[43]
- Masaho Takahashi, 2002.[44]
- Dayasiri Warnakulasooriya, 1996.[45]
[edit] 5th class
- Friedrich Hirzebruch, 1996.[46]
- Fujitaro Kubota
- Chiura Obata
- Carl Hermann Ule, 1988.[47]
[edit] 6th class
- Fukuyoshi Kanai
[edit] 7th class
- Toraji Soma
[edit] Class unknown
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[edit] References
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ King, Wayne and Warren Weaver Jr. "Briefing: Boorstin and the Emperor", New York Times, May 2, 1986.
- ^ "The Gateway's Oriental Treasure", Time, JUne 17, 1966.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site( in French)
- ^ Japan Society of London Archives: GB 2247 CORTAZZI, Grand cordon.
- ^ "No. 1", Time. March 14, 1932.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand cordon.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand cordon.
- ^ Krebs, Alvin. "Notes on People: Hester Honored", New York Times, January 15, 1981.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand Cordon.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand cordon.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site( in French)
- ^ Honor awarded 1960 -- L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site(in French), Order with gold and silver star
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold and silver star
- ^ Honor awarded 1905 -- Adler, Cyrus (1921). Jacob Henry Schiff: A Biographical Sketch, p. 12.
- ^ VADM Eugene P. "Dennis" Wilkinson (retired). U.S. Navy Submarine Force Museum. Retrieved on 2007-01-15.
- ^ Canedy, Dana. "Douglas Greenwald, 83, Editor And Economist for McGraw-Hill", New York Times. January 18, 1997.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ "Pax Britannica (3rd Class)", Time, May 16, 1932.
- ^ Honor awarded 1976 -- L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Honor awarded 1988 -- Brenson, Michael. "Isamu Noguchi, the Sculptor, Dies at 84", New York Times. December 31, 1988.
- ^ Duquesne/Wecht Institute of Forensic Science and Law -- bio
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Honor awarded 1942 -- Tsuji, Masanobu. (1997). Japan's Greatest Victory, Britain's Worst Defeat, p. 108.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French); Kirkup, James. "René Sieffert, Japanologist who translated the 'Ten Thousand Leaves' of the Man'yōshū" Independent (London). April 17, 2004.
- ^ Honor awarded 1983 -- Tutttle Publishing Internet home page
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ Consulate General of Japan in New York, Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ Honor awarded 1982 -- Bird, David and Robert McG. Thomas Jr. "Notes on People: Japanese Writer for Times Decorated by Hirohito", New York Times, May 13, 1982.
- ^ Honor awarded 2000 -- Nishiyama bio, ITKF web, Order with gold rays and rosette.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site(in French), Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays and rosette
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold and silver rays
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold and silver rays
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold and silver rays
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Gilpin, Kenneth. "Tristan E. Beplat, 85, Banker Who Aided Japan After War", New York Times. December 3, 1997.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Commander
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Pace, Eric. "Faubion Bowers, 82, Defender Of Kabuki in Occupied Japan", New York Times. November 22, 1999.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), First Latin American honored by Japanese government
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Van Gelder, Laurence. "Footlights: Honor Bound", New York Times. November 4, 1998.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French) Order with sunburst
- ^ "Uncle Bob", Time, September 10, 1945.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Commander
- ^ Scott, Janny. "John W. Hall, Historian of Japan, Dies at 81", New York Times. October 27, 1997.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Brownlee, John. (1997). Japanese historians and the national myths, 1600-1945: the age of the gods and Emperor Jinmu, p. 96.
- ^ "Text of Treaty; Signed by the Emperor of Japan and Czar of Russia," New York Times. October 17, 1905.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays and cross
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand Cross
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold ribbon
- ^ Strom, Stephanie. Nakamura Utaemon VI, 84, International Star of Kabuki", New York Times. April 4, 2001.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with ribbon and gold rays, presented in person by H. M. Emperor Akihito
- ^ "Lawrence Olson, 73, An Expert on Japan" New York Times. April 2, 1992.
- ^ Lavietes, Stuart. "Frank Okamura, Bonsai Expert, Is Dead at 94", New York Times. January 14, 2006.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand officer
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Commander
- ^ Out of Japan - TIME
- ^ Honor awarded 1967 and 1990 -- "Sir Julian Ridsdale: Conservative MP for Harwich for almost 40 years who was also a notable expert on Japan and the Japanese way of life," Times (London). July 23, 2004.
- ^ "John Roderick; AP Correspondent Captured a Changing China", Associated Press, Washington Post, 2008-03-13. Retrieved on 2008-04-06.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Grand Cross
- ^ Johnston, David Cay. "Carl S. Shoup, 97; Shaped Japan's Tax Code", New York Times. March 31, 2000.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site(in French), Order with gold rays
- ^ "Kenjiro Takayanagi, Electrical Engineer, 91", New York Times, July 25, 1990.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ Morrison, Donald. "Japan's Master of Monsters", Time. December 13, 2007.
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French)
- ^ L'Harmattan web site (in French), Order with gold rays
- Peterson, James W., Barry C. Weaver and Michael A. Quigley. (2001). Orders and Medals of Japan and Associated States. San Ramon, California: Orders and Medals Society of America. ISBN 1-8909-7409-9
[edit] External links
- Japan, Cabinet Office: Decorations and Medals
- Decoration Bureau: Order of the Sacred Treasure
- Japan Mint: Production Process
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