User:Omghax111/Science

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Gene or chromosome: The chromosome affected by hemophilia is the sex linked X chromosome. Factors VII and IX are affected by hemophilia.

How is hemophilia inherited?

Hemophilia is inherited from the X chromosome. Because both factors VIII and IX are produced by direction of the X chromosome, hemophilia A and B are both sex-linked diseases.

What is the problem caused by this genetic condition? Hemophilia impairs the body's ability to control blood clotting. This means when a person bleeds, they do not stop bleeding until they get treatment. In its most common form, Hemophilia A, clotting factor VIII is absent. In Haemophilia B, factor IX does not work properly.[2]

What can we do to help?

Treatments: To treat someone who is bleeding and has hemophilia, they must undergo “replacement therapy”. Replacement therapy replaces the clotting factor that is missing. This can be done by injecting human blood[which has been donated and checked for any viruses] or through recombuant factor concentrates. Recombuant factor concentrates are blood clotting factors that are not made from blood and are made synthetically. The blood or recombuant factor concentrates are injected into a vein or dripped into the cut.

Cures: There are no current conventional cures for hemophilia. However, scientists have predicted a cure within the next 5-10 years. A liver transplant may cure hemophilia, but the medical complications, cost, and lifelong medicine make this method VERY unconventional.[2]

Preventions:

Currently, there is no way to prevent hemophilia.[3]

Who it effects: It is very rare for a female to have hemophilia. Because a female gets two X chromosomes, she will almost always get a non-diseased X chromosome. This will let her produce enough of factors VIII and IX to avoid hemophilia.[1]

When do symptoms first appear: Signs of hemophilia appear as early as babies.[1]

Symptoms:

heavy bleeding during monthly periods (menorrhagia),

∑ unusual bleeding after injury or surgery, ∑ bleeding from small cuts that starts and stops over several hours, ∑ frequent or prolonged nosebleeds, ∑ unusual bleeding from the mouth or gums or after a tooth extraction. [1]

Hemophilia stats: Prevalance of Hemophilia: 20,000 people in the United States

Prevalance Rate: approx 1 in 13,600 or 0.01% or 20,000 people in USA

Incidence (annual) of Hemophilia: about 400 babies annually (NHLBI)

Incidence Rate: approx 1 in 680,000 or 0.00% or 400 people in USA [about data]

Incidence extrapolations for USA for Hemophilia: 399 per year, 33 per month, 7 per week, 1 per day, 0 per hour, 0 per minute, 0 per second.

Prevalance of Hemophilia: There are about 20,000 hemophilia patients in the United States. (Source: excerpt from Hemophilia: NHLBI)

Incidence of Hemophilia: Each year, about 400 babies are born with this disorder. (Source: excerpt from Hemophilia: NHLBI)

Deaths from Hemophilia: 1,681 deaths for coagulation defects (NHLBI 1999)

Death rate extrapolations for USA for Hemophilia: 1,681 per year, 140 per month, 32 per week, 4 per day, 0 per hour, 0 per minute, 0 per second.

Shaun Carland Bibliography

WHAT IS THIS DISEASE? [1] http://science.jrank.org/pages/3282/Hemophilia-How-hemophilia-inherited.html [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Haemophilia&oldid=202196974

WHAT CAN WE DO TO HELP? [1]http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/hemophilia/hemophilia_treatments.html [2]http://www.ucsfhealth.org/childrens/medical_services/cancer/hemophilia/conditions/hemo/treatments.html [3] http://health.yahoo.com/blood-prevention/hemophilia-prevention/healthwise--aa8559.html [4]http://www.hemophilia.org/NHFWeb/MainPgs/MainNHF.aspx?menuid=202&contentid=384&rptname=bleeding