Old Tatar language
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Old Tatar language (Iske imla: يسكى تاتار تلى (translit. İske Tatar tele)) was a literary language used among the Muslim Tatars from the Middle Ages till the 19th century.
Old Tatar is a member of the Kypchak (or Northwestern) group of Turkic languages, although it is partly derived from the ancient Bolgar language (the first poem, considered to be wrtitten by Qol Ghali in Old Tatar dates back to Volga Bulgaria's epoch). It included many Persian and Arabic loans.
As written form it was spelled equally among different ethnic groups, speaking different Turkic languages of Kypchak group, but pronunciation differed from one people to another, approximating to the spoken language, making this written form universal for different languages. The main reason of this universal usage is that the principial differences between langugaes of the Kypchak group are in pronunciation of vowels, which wasn't enough represented in Arabic alphabet.
Language used Arabic script perviously and later its variant Iske imla. Old Tatar Language is a language of Idel-Ural poetry and literature. With the Ottoman Turkish, Azeri and Chagatai, they were the only four Turkic literary languages used in the Middle Ages. It was actively used in publishing until 1905, when the first Tatar newspaper started being published in modern Tatar, which until then had been used only in a spoken form.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- (Tatar) "İske Tatar ädäbi tele/Иске татар әдәби теле". Tatar Encyclopedia. (2002). Kazan: Tatarstan Republic Academy of Sciences Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia.
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