Northern Michigan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the region; for the university, see Northern Michigan University

Northern Michigan - or more properly Northern Lower Michigan - is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan, popular as a tourist destination. It is home to several small- to medium-sized cities, extensive state and national forests, lakes and rivers, and a large portion of Great Lakes shoreline. The region has a significant seasonal population much like other regions that depend on tourism as their main industry.

Northern Michigan is distinguished from the Upper Peninsula.
Northern Michigan is distinguished from the Upper Peninsula.

Contents

[edit] Geography

See also List of Michigan state parks and geography of Michigan.

The region is not precisely defined, with residents in the far southern part of the state tending to include areas just north of Flint and Grand Rapids, but more northern residents restricting it to the area north of Mount Pleasant: the "fingers" of the mitten-like shape of the Lower Peninsula. People from Northern Michigan generally use the term "downstate" to refer to people and places south of the region.

The geographical theme of this region is shaped by the fact that it is part of greater Michigan, which has: 58,110 square miles (150,500 km²) of land; 1,305 square miles (3,380 km²) of inland water; 38,575 square miles (99,910 km²) of Great Lakes water area; 3,288 miles (5,292 km) of Great Lakes shoreline; 11,037 inland lakes.[1] and 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of rivers and streams.[2] Some of the inland lakes are truly massive.[3]

Across the Straits of Mackinac, to the north, west and northeast, lies the Upper Peninsula of Michigan (the "U.P."). Despite its geographic location as the most northerly part of Michigan, the Upper Peninsula is not usually included in the definition of Northern Michigan (although Northern Michigan University is located in the U.P. city of Marquette), and is instead regarded by Michigan residents as a distinct region of the state. The two regions are connected by the Mackinac Bridge.

All of the northern Lower Peninsula – north of a line from Manistee County on the west to Iosco County on the east (the second orange tier up on the map) – is considered to be part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gaylord.[4]

There are 149 lighthouses around Michigan's Great Lakes coasts, including several in Northern Michigan. They serve as functioning warnings to mariners, but are also integral to the region's culture and history. See the list of Michigan lighthouses for more information on individual lighthouses.

Adjacent to the Traverse City Cherry Capital Airport is a United States Coast Guard air station (CGAS), which is responsible for both maritime and land-based search and rescue operations in the northern Great Lakes region.

The state forests in the U.S. state of Michigan are managed by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Forest, Mineral and Fire Management unit. It is the largest state forest system in the nation (3.9 million acres (16,000 km²)). See List of Michigan state forests. The Northern lower peninsula includes three forests:

  • Mackinaw State Forest
    • Atlanta FMU (Alpena, northeast Cheboygan, most of Montmorency, and most of Presque Isle counties)
    • Gaylord FMU (Antrim, Charlevoix, most of Cheboygan, Emmet, and most of Otsego counties)
    • Pigeon River Country FMU (southeast Cheboygan, northwest Montmorency, northeast Otsego, and southwest Presque Isle counties)
  • Pere Marquette State Forest
    • Cadillac FMU (Lake, Mason, Mecosta, Missaukee, Newaygo, Oceana, Osceola, and Wexford counties)
    • Traverse City FMU (Benzie, Grand Traverse, Leelanau, Kalkaska, Manistee counties)
  • Au Sable State Forest
    • Gladwin FMU (Arenac, Bay, Clare, Gladwin, southern Iosco, Isabella, and Midland counties)
    • Grayling FMU (Alcona, Crawford, Oscoda, and northern Iosco counties)
    • Roscommon FMU (Ogemaw and Roscommon counties)

In addition, large portions of this area are covered by the Manistee National Forest and the Huron National Forest. In the former, a unique environment is present at the Nordhouse Dunes Wilderness. This relatively small area of 3,450 acres (14 km²), on Lake Michigan's east shore, is one of few wilderness areas in the U.S. with an extensive lake shore dunes ecosystem. The dunes are 3500 to 4000 years old, and rise to nearly 140 feet (43 m) higher than the lake. The Nordhouse Dunes are interspersed with woody vegetation such as jack pine, juniper and hemlock. Many small water holes and marshes dot the landscape, and dune grass covers some of the dunes. The wide and sandy beach is ideal for walks and sunset viewing.

Glaciers shaped the area, creating a unique regional ecosystem. A large portion of the area is the so-called Grayling outwash plain, which consists of broad outwash plain including sandy ice-disintegration ridges; jack pine barrens, some white pine-red pine forest, and northern hardwood forest. Large lakes were created by glacial action.[5]

Michigan is a unique travel environment. Consequently, drivers should be forewarned: travel distances should not be underestimated. Michigan's overall length is only 456 miles (734 km) and width 386 miles (621 km) – but because of the lakes those distances cannot be traveled directly. The distance from northwest to the southeast corner is 456 miles (734 km) 'as the crow flies'. Unlike the crows, travelers must go around the Great Lakes. For example, when traveling to the Upper Peninsula, it is well to realize that it is roughly 300 miles (480 km) from Detroit to the Mackinac Bridge, but it is another 300 miles (480 km) from St. Ignace to Ironwood.

Likewise direct routes are few and far between US I-75 and M-115 do angle from the southeast to the northwest), but most roads are oriented either east-west or north-south (oriented with township lines) (See Land Ordinance of 1785). So travel may take longer than newcomers might otherwise think.

[edit] Summer destinations

See also: List of National Historic Landmarks in Michigan

Boating, golf, and camping are leading activities. Sailing, kayaking,[6] canoeing, birding, bicycling[7],[8][9] horse back riding, motorcycling, and 'off roading' are important avocations. The forest activities are available everywhere. There are a great many Michigan state parks and other protected areas which make these truly a 'pleasant peninsula.' These would include the Huron National Forest and the Manistee National Forest, plus the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore[10] and the Nordhouse Dunes Wilderness.

[edit] Non-summer destinations

Some of the ski resorts located on the western side include Boyne Mountain, Boyne Highlands, Crystal Mountain Resort, Nub's Nob, Caberfea Peaks and Schuss Mountain. Some of these also serve as summer golf resorts.

Fall activities include harvest festivals, and driving around in the woods to watch the colorful fall leaves. Hunting in Northern Michigan is a popular fall pastime. There are seasons for bow hunting and a muzzle-loader season as well as for using modern rifle season. The opening day of deer season (November 15) is often an unofficial local holiday, so important that a number of area high schools close on that day.

In winter, a variety of sports are enjoyed by the locals which also draw visitors to Northern Michigan. Snowmobiling, also called sledding, is popular, and with hundreds of miles of interconnected groomed trails cross the region. Ice fishing is also popular. Tip-up Town on Houghton Lake is a major ice-fishing, snowmobiling and winter sports festival, and is unique in that it is a village that assembles out on the frozen lake surface. Higgins Lake also offers good ice fishing and has many snowmobiling, cross country skiing, and snowshoeing trails at the North Higgins Lake State Park. Grayling and Gaylord and their environs are recognized for Nordic skiing. Cadillac is reputed to be even more popular during the winter than it is in the summer.

[edit] History and local culture

See also: Timeline of Michigan history and history of Michigan

Northern Michigan was inhabited by Native American tribes, most recently Ojibwa, well before English settlers founded a fort on Mackinac Island. Later, industry depended on natural resources such as lumber and fur trading which contributed to the rise of Traverse City. When the railroads connected Northern Michigan to the large cities through Kalamazoo, some wealthy urbanites established summer home associations in Charlevoix and Bay Shore. As passenger railroad usage ended in the 1960s because of increased automobile travel, aggressive promotion of Northern Michigan by local chambers of commerce led to many of the festivals and attractions that bring visitors north even today.

The area was populated by many different ethnicities, including groups from New England, Germany, and Poland. Native American reservations exist at Mount Pleasant and on the Leelanau Peninsula.

The Lumberman's Monument honors lumberjacks that shaped the area, exploiting the natural resource. It is located on River Road, which runs parallel with the beautiful Au Sable River, and is a designated National Scenic Byway for the 23 miles that go into Oscoda.[14] The State of Michigan has designated Oscoda as the official home of Paul Bunyan due to the earliest documented publications in the Oscoda Press, August 10, 1906 by James MacGillivray (later revised and published in the Detroit News in 1910).[15]

Hartwick Pines State Park is a 9,672-acre (39.2 km²) State Park and Logging museum located in Crawford County near Grayling and Interstate 75. It is the third largest state park on Michigan's Lower Peninsula and the state's fifth-biggest park overall. The park contains an old growth forest of white pines and red pines that resembles the appearance of all of Northern Michigan prior to the logging era. Also to be noted is Interlochen State Park, which is the oldest state park and the other remaining stand of virgin Eastern White Pine in the Lower Peninsula.

The state has numerous historical markers, which can themselves become the center of a tour; one man's record and photographs of a quest to 'capture' them all is particularly interesting.[16]

[edit] Education

Interlochen Center for the Arts is a notable arts center that offers a high-school-level academy and summer camp near Traverse City. There are also several institutions of higher education in Northern Michigan. Community colleges include North Central Michigan College (NCMC, pronounced "nuck-muck" by locals), Alpena Community College, Huron Shores Campus-Alpena Community College, Kirtland Community College, and Northwestern Michigan College including the Great Lakes Maritime Academy, the only U.S. maritime academy on freshwater. Northern Lower Michigan has arguably only one four-year university (depending on the definition of the southern boundary of the region), Ferris State University in Big Rapids. Other nearby universities are in the Upper Peninsula (Northern Michigan University and Lake Superior State University), as well as Central Michigan University and Ferris State University in the more southern reaches of the state. The University of Michigan runs the University of Michigan Biological Station out of Pellston, MI. Central Michigan University runs the CMU Biological Station on Beaver Island. Hillsdale College runs the biological station in Lake County.

[edit] Economy

See Economy of Michigan.

The economy of Northern Michigan is limited by its lower population, few industries and reduced agriculture compared to lower Michigan. Seasonal and tourism related employment is significant. Unemployment rates are generally high. (In June 2007, seven of the ten highest unemployment rates occurred in counties in the Northern Michigan area.[1])

The northeast corner has an industrial base. In particular, Alpena is home to the LaFarge Company's holdings in the world's largest cement plant and is home to Besser Block Co. (the inventor of concrete block and maker of concrete block making machine), and has a drywall board manufacturing facility owned by Abitibe; and Rogers City is the locale of the world's largest limestone quarry, which is also used in steel making all along the Great Lakes.

Nearer to the Lake Michigan shore, Cadillac and Manistee have manufacturing and chemical industries, including the world's largest salt plant.

Historically, lumbering and commercial fishing were among the most important industries. Logging is still important but at a mere fraction of its heyday output. Commercial fishing is a minor activity.

A major draw to Northern Michigan is tourism. Real Estate, especially condominiums and summer homes, is another significant source of income. Because money spent in the real estate and tourism market in Northern Michigan is dependent upon visitors from southern Michigan and the Chicago area, the Northern Michigan economy is sensitive to downswings in the automobile and other industries. See Also: Economy of Detroit and Economy of Chicago

Agriculture is limited by the climate and soil conditions compared to southern regions of the state. However, there are significant potato and dry bean farms in the east. wine grapes, vegetables and cherries are produced in the west in the protected microclimates around Grand Traverse Bay. The Grand Traverse region has two of Michigan's four federally-recognized wine growing areas. The Grand Traverse Bay area is listed as one of the most endangered agricultural regions in the U.S. as its scenic land is highly sought after for vacation homes.

Large industries are sparse; cement-making and the mining of limestone and gypsum on the Lake Huron shore are the major exports of the area. Much of Michigan's natural gas extraction is from wells in Northern Michigan. A small number of men work on the Great Lakes freighters.

The only military presence in Northern Michigan is in two places:

[edit] Transportation

[edit] Airplanes

Airports serving Northern Michigan include MBS International Airport near Freeland, Pellston Regional Airport,[17] Traverse City Cherry Capital Airport and Alpena County Regional Airport in the Lower peninsula. Depending on one's destination, Chippewa County International Airport in Sault Ste. Marie, in the eastern Upper peninsula might be a viable alternative. Grand Rapids and Bishop airport at Flint (although neither is within the area) also have scheduled service proximate to parts of the region. The Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport is now a public airport which gives 24 hour near-all-weather service for general aviation.

[edit] Automobiles

The primary means of transportation in Northern Michigan is by automobile. Northern Michigan is served by one interstate, and a number of U.S. highways and Michigan state routes. (Roads are organized by number.)

[edit] Interstate freeway

[edit] US highways

[edit] Michigan highways

  • M-13 is a 72.22 mile north-south highway that cuts through the bay region of the U.S. state of Michigan. The southern terminus is at I-69 south of the town of Lennon with its northern terminus located south of Standish. It is a shorter alternative route, instead of I-75, from Bay City to US-23 in Standish.
  • M-22 follows the Lake Michigan shoreline from Traverse City to Manistee and is a scenic drive. It is 114.5 miles long and traverses Manistee, Benzie, Leelanaue and Grand Traverse counties. For most of its length, it closely parallels the Lake Michigan shore. It also passes through the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore.
  • M-27 is a short state highway which runs along the old route of US-27. It officially begins at exit 313 (Indian River) off of I-75 and runs through Topinabee into Cheboygan, where it meets US-23. An old streach of US-27 which runs from Wolverine to Indian River is designated as the "Straits Highway," but is not an actual part of M-27.
  • M-32 is 100.14 miles long. Although it is not a true 'cross-peninsular' highway – it crosses the lower peninsula from near Lake Michigan to Lake Huron – it is close, and there are efforts being made to restore the road and the status.[21]
  • M-46 is a transpeninsular road,[22] as is M-55 and M-72.
  • M-55 is a 155 miles transpeninsular road. It starts in Tawas and ends two miles north of Manistee across the Lower Peninsula.[23]
  • M-65 runs northward from US-23 at Au Gres (just north of Standish), and is the most direct route to Rogers City and Alpena from the south.
  • M-66 is the only state highway to traverse almost the entire north-south distance of the lower peninsula. It runs from the Indiana state line in the south to Charlevoix in the north. It starts as a continuation of State Road 9 and gives access to the Indiana Toll Road.
  • M-72 starts at downtown Harrisville as its eastern terminus and ends at Empire, Michigan on the west.[24] In 133 miles (214 kilometers) M-72 it runs across the lower peninsula, and is one of three true cross-peninsular highways.[25]
  • M-115 state highway in northwestern Lower Michigan, United States. It is a 'diagonal highway,' taking a generally northwest-to-southeast direction from Frankfort, Michigan, junction M-22 on Lake Michigan and an intersection with US 10 to the east of Clare.
  • M-168 is one of the shortest state highways in Michigan, extending 0.95 miles from a junction with M-22 in downtown Elberta northwest to the former Ann Arbor Railroad ferry docks.[26]

[edit] Ferries and bridges

Several car ferries still operate in the region.

The major bridge in Northern Michigan is the Mackinac Bridge connecting Northern Michigan to the Upper Peninsula.

[edit] Trains

Alpena is situated along the Lake State Railway, formerly the Detroit and Mackinac Railway (D&M).[28] Several other railroads have existed in Alpena's history.[29]

While train lines like the Chicago and West Michigan Railway (later the Pere Marquette Railway) and several commercial cruise lines were early in generating traffic to Northern Michigan destinations, most of these have been discontinued.

[edit] Festivals

A number of annual festivals occur in Northern Michigan including:

The Au Sable Canoe Marathon, one of the few pro-am canoeing events in the U.S., occurs on the Au Sable River, where winning times may be as long as 21 hours.

[edit] Flora and fauna

Northern Michigan has many tree types including maple, birch, Oak, white cedar, aspen, pine, and beech. Ferns, milkweed, Queen Anne's lace, and chicory grow in the open fields and along roadsides. Forest plants include wild leeks, morel mushrooms, and trilliums. Marram grass grows on beaches. Several mosses cover the land.

Common animals in Northern Michigan include white-tailed deer, fox, racoons, and rabbits. black bear, elk, coyote, and bobcat are also present. There have also been various wolf and mountain lion sightings in Northern Michigan. Fish include whitefish, yellow perch, trout, bass, northern pike, walleye, muskie, and sunfish.

Common birds are ducks, seagulls, wild turkey, blue herons, cardinals, blue jays, black-capped chickadees, Hummingbirds, Baltimore Oriole, and ruffed grouse. Canada Geese may be seen flying over head in spring and fall. Less well known birds that are unique in Michigan to the Northern Lower Peninsula are spruce grouse, sharp-tailed grouse, red-throated loon,Swainson's hawk, and the boreal owl. [4] [5].

The Au Sable State Forest is a state forest in the north-central Lower Peninsula of Michigan. Much of the forest is used for wildlife game management and the fostering of endangered and rare species, such as the Kirtland's warbler – there are regular controlled burns to maintain its habitat. The Kirtland's Warbler has its habitat in an increasing part of the area.[33] There is a Kirtland's Warbler Festival, which is sponsored in part by Kirtland Community College.[34]

Insect populations are similar to those found elsewhere in the midwestern United States. Lady bugs, crickets, dragonflies, mosquitoes, ants, house flies, and grasshoppers are common, as is the Western conifer seed bug, and several kinds of butterflies and moths (for example, monarch butterflies and tomato worm moths). Notable deviations in insect populations are a high population of June bugs during June as well as a scarcity of lightning bugs because of the lower average temperatures year round and especially in the summer.

There are no fatally poisonous snakes native to Northern Michigan. The poisonous Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake lives in Michigan, but it is not common, particularly in Northern Michigan. In any event, its nonfatal bite may make an adult sick, but it should be medically treated without delay.

Snakes present include the eastern hog-nosed snake, brown snake, common garter snake, eastern milk snake and the northern ribbon snake. The only common reptiles and amphibians are various pond frogs, toads, salamanders, and small turtles.

[edit] Business

Prominent Northern Michigan corporations include:

[edit] Notable persons

More comprehensive lists are available at individual cities, villages, etc.

[edit] Petoskey

[edit] Manistee

[edit] Traverse City

[edit] Media

Northern Michigan is in the Designated Market Areas of " Traverse City-Cadillac" (116), "Alpena"(208), and some portions of the "Flint-Saginaw-Bay City"(66) .

[edit] Newspapers

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] Magazines

  • Thirdeye Magazine is a bi-monthly periodical focusing on social and political issues as well as art in and around Traverse City.
  • Traverse is published monthly with a focus on regional interests.

[edit] Radio

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

[edit] FM

  • 88.1 W201CM Traverse City - Religious
  • 88.5 WKKM (Alpena) contemporary Christian, "Smile-FM" (from WLGH Lansing)
  • 88.7/100.9/88.5 WIAA/WICV/WIAB Interlochen/East Jordan/Mackinaw City - Classical "IPR Music Radio"
  • 89.3/91.3/104.9/89.7 WTLI/WJOG/WAIR/WJOJ Petoskey/Good Hart/Lake City/Harrisville - Contemporary Christian "Smile FM"
  • 89.7 WJOJ - Contemporary Christian (Harrisville)
  • 89.9 WLJN Traverse City - Religious
  • 90.5/91.1/106.1/99.7 WPHN/WOLW/WHST/W259AD Gaylord/Cadillac/Tawas City/Petoskey - Religious "Northern Christian Radio"
  • 90.7 WNMC Traverse City - Variety
  • 90.9 WTCK Charlevoix - Catholic
  • 90.9 WMSD Rose Township (Ogemaw County) - Religious
  • 91.5 WICA Traverse City - Public News/Talk
  • 91.7/103.9/95.7 WCML/WCMW/WCMB Alpena/Harbor Springs/Oscoda - Public Music Variety/News/Talk "CMU Public Radio"
  • 92.1 WOUF Beulah - Americana "92.1 the Wolf"
  • 92.5 WFDX (Atlanta) classic hits, "The Fox" (from WFCX Leland-Traverse City)
  • 92.9 WJZQ Cadillac - Adult Contemporary "92.9 the Breeze"
  • 93.7 WKAD Harrietta - Oldies "Oldies 93.7"
  • 94.3/92.5/95.3 WFCX/WFDX/W237DA Leland/Atlanta/Petoskey - Adult Hits "94.3 the Fox FM"
  • 94.5 WLJZ Mackinaw City - Hot Adult Contemporary "Star 94.5"
  • 94.9 WKJZ (Alpena) classic hits, "Hits Fm" also airs on 98.1 FM translator in Alpena (from WQLB 103.3 Tawas City)
  • 95.5 WJZJ Glen Arbor/Mackinaw City - Modern Rock "The Zone"
  • 95.7 WCMB - CMU Public Radio (Oscoda)
  • 96.1 WHNN - Oldies (Bay City)
  • 96.3 WLXT Petoskey - Adult Contemporary "Lite 96"
  • 96.7 WLXV Cadillac - Hot Adult Contemporary "Mix 96"
  • 96.9 WWCM Standish, MI
  • 97.5/98.9 WKLT/WKLZ Kalkaska/Petoskey - Album Rock "KLT the Rock Station"
  • 97.7 WMLQ Manistee - Soft Adult Contemporary "The Coast"
  • 98.1/105.1/107.1 WGFN/WGFM/WCKC Glen Arbor/Cheboygan/Cadillac - Classic Rock "The Bear"
  • 98.5 WUPS Houghton Lake - Classic Hits "98.5 UPS"
  • 99.3 WATZ/WRGZ Alpena/Rogers City - Country also airs on WRGZ (96.7 FM)
  • 99.3 WBNZ Frankfort - Adult Contemporary
  • 99.9 WHAK-FM Rogers City - Oldies "99-9 The Wave"
  • 100.3 WGRY Grayling - Country "Y100"
  • 100.7/94.1 WWTH/W231BF Oscoda/Alpena - Country "Thunder Country" also airs on 94.1 FM translator in Alpena
  • 101.1 WQON Roscommon - Adult Contemporary "Decades 101"
  • 101.5 WMJZ Gaylord - Adult Hits "Eagle 101.5"
  • 101.5 WMTE Manistee - Oldies "Oldies 101.5"
  • 101.9 WLDR Traverse City - Country "Sunny Country"
  • 102.1 WLEW - Adult Hits (Bad Axe) – This is listenable on the Lake Huron west shore up to Harrisville.
  • 102.3 WSRT (FM) See 106.7
  • 102.9/93.9 WMKC/WAVC St. Ignace/Mio - Country "Big Country"
  • 103.3/94.9 WQLB/WKJZ Tawas City/Hillman - Adult Hits "Hits FM"
  • 103.5/93.5 WTCM/WBCM Traverse City/Boyne City - Country "Today's Country Music"
  • 104.3 WRDS-LP Roscommon - Southern Gospel "The Lighthouse"
  • 104.7 WKJC Tawas City - Country
  • 105.5 WBMI West Branch - Classic Country
  • 105.9 WKHQ Charlevoix - Contemporary Hits "106 KHQ"
  • 106.1 FM WHST - Religious
  • 106.3 WKLA Ludington - Adult Contemporary
  • 106.7/100.7 WSRT/WSRJ Gaylord/Honor - Adult Contemporary "106.7 WSRT" also airs on 102.3 FM translator in Alpena
  • 107.5/107.9 WCCW/WCZW Traverse City/Charlevoix - Oldies "Oldies 107.5"
  • 107.7 WHSB Alpena - Hot Adult Contemporary "107-7 The Bay"

[edit] AM

  • WTCM 580 50000 watt day, 1100 night, directional day and night, Talk, Traverse City
  • WLDR 750 1000 watt day, 330 night, directional day and night, Country (with WLDR-FM 101.9), Petoskey
  • WMMI 830 1000 day only, talk, Shepherd
  • WHAK 960 5000 watt day, 137 night, Country (simulcasting WWTH FM Oscoda), Rogers City - simulcast of WWTH 100.7 FM
  • WJML 1110 10000 watt day, 10 night, directional day and night, Talk, Petoskey
  • WJNL 1210 50000 watt day, 2500 critical hours, day only, Talk (with WJML-AM), Kingsley
  • WGRY 1230 1000 watt day and night, Adult Standards, Grayling
  • WATT 1240 1000 watt day and night, Talk, Cadillac
  • WCBY 1240 1000 watt day and night, Adult Standards, Cheboygan
  • WMKT 1270 27000 watt day, 5000 night, directional night, Talk, Charlevoix
  • WMBN 1340 1000 watt day and night, Adult Standards, Petoskey
  • WLJW 1370 5000 watt day, 1000 night, directional day and night, Christian Talk, Cadillac
  • WLJN 1400 1000 watt day and night, Christian, Traverse City
  • WATZ 1450 - news, talk and sports, Alpena
  • WIOS 1480 1000 watt day only, directional, Adult Standards, Music of Your Life Tawas City

[edit] Broadcast Television

[edit] See also cities, villages, towns

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Michigan statistics
  2. ^ Department of Natural Resources on biking
  3. ^ Top 20 Michigan inland lakes.
  4. ^ Diocese of Gaylord.
  5. ^ Michigan regional geology.
  6. ^ Map and links for sea kayaking in Michigan.
  7. ^ Bicycling in western Michigan, New York Times
  8. ^ Cherry capital cycling club map
  9. ^ Michigan Department of Natural Resources on bicycling
  10. ^ Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lake Shore Visitors Bureau.
  11. ^ Frankford Elberta Chamber of Commerce
  12. ^ Detroit Free Press, May 26, 2007
  13. ^ Michigan Shore to Shore Riding and Hiking Trail
  14. ^ River Road Scenic Byway at America's Byways.
  15. ^ Oscoda Press on Paul Bunyan designation
  16. ^ Michigan Historical Markers Traveling Through time: A guide to Michigan Historical Markers
  17. ^ Pellston Regional Airport
  18. ^ Bessert, Christopher J.. US-10. MichiganHighways.org.
  19. ^ Picture of northern terminus US 127 at Grayling, Michigan
  20. ^ Endpoints of US highways
  21. ^ M-32 history, Michigan Highways
  22. ^ M-46 Endpoint Photos
  23. ^ M-55 end point photos
  24. ^ Photos of ends of M-72.
  25. ^ History of Michigan highways.
  26. ^ M-168 Endpoint Photos
  27. ^ Charity Island ferry service.
  28. ^ Detroit and Mackinac Railway pictures and history.
  29. ^ Michigan Railroad history for Alpena.
  30. ^ Chestnut Festival
  31. ^ "Harmony Weekend," Harrisville Arts Council, Accessed December 9, 2007.
  32. ^ Arts and Crafts shows calendar.
  33. ^ Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Kirtland's Warbler Populations Continue to Grow.
  34. ^ Kirtland Warbler Festival and links..
  35. ^ Alcona County Review
  36. ^ The Alpena News
  37. ^ The Cadillac Evening News
  38. ^ Charlevoix Courier
  39. ^ Cheboygan Daily Tribune
  40. ^ The Citizen-Journal (Boyne City/ East Jordan)
  41. ^ Crawford County Avalanche
  42. ^ Gaylord Herald Times
  43. ^ Grand Traverse Herald
  44. ^ Iosco County News Herald home page
  45. ^ Ludington Daily News.
  46. ^ Manistee Daily News Advocate
  47. ^ Midland Daily News
  48. ^ Northern Express Weekly.
  49. ^ Oscoda Press home page
  50. ^ Petoskey News Review home page
  51. ^ Presque Isle County Advance.
  52. ^ St. Ignace News.
  53. ^ Traverse City Record-Eagle
  54. ^ Bay City Times
  55. ^ Saginaw News

[edit] Bibliography and further reading

  • Bogue, Margaret. Around the Shores of Lake Michigan: A Guide to Historic Sites. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985. ISBN 9780299100049.
  • McRae, Shannon, Images of America: Manistee County (2003).
  • Reed, Earl H. The Dune Country. Berrien Springs, MI: Hardscrabble Books, 1979. [Reprint of 1916 Edition].
  • Ruchhoft, Robert H. Exploring North Manitou, South Manitou, High and Garden Islands of the Lake Michigan Archipelago. Cincinnati, OH: Pucelle Press, 1991. ISBN 9780940029026.
  • Russell, Curran N., and Dona Degen Baer, The Lumberman's Legacy (1954).
  • Wood, Mable C. Scooterville, U.S.A. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1962.

[edit] External links

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