Normal soaring apparatus
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The Normal soaring apparatus was a glider that was developed by Otto Lilienthal. It is considered as the first serial production of an aeroplane (1893 - 1896).
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[edit] Provenance
Today 9 buyers are in particular known, e. g. Nikolai Zhukovsky, William Randolph Hearst. Four original "normal gliders" are preserved in museums (London, Moscow, Munich (fragment) and Washington). A similar glider "Sturmflügelapparat (storm wing model)" is preserved in Vienna.
[edit] Details
Lilienthal flew with this apparatus usually a distance of 250 m starting from the top of a hill. A bow frame or "Prellbügel" was used to reduce the impact in case of a crash. Later the "normal glider" was refined to a biplane.
[edit] Specifications
[edit] General characteristics
- Crew: one, pilot
- Length: 5.3 m (17 ft 0 in)
- Wingspan: 6.7 m (22 ft 0 in)
- Height: 3.0 ft in (1.0 m)
- Wing area: 13.6 m² (140 ft²)
- Aspect ratio: 3.3
- Empty: 40 lb (18 kg)
- Loaded: lb ( kg)
- Maximum takeoff: lb ( kg)
[edit] Performance
- Maximum speed: mph ( km/h)
- Maximum glide ratio: 5
- Rate of sink: ft/min ( m/min)
- Wing loading: lb/ft² (kg/m²)
[edit] Related content
Related development: Derwitzer Glider, wing flapping apparatus, biplane
Comparable aircraft:
Designation sequence:
[edit] External links
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