No. 616 Squadron RAF
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| No. 616 (South Yorkshire) Squadron RAF | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1938-1945 1946-1957 |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Branch | Royal Air Force |
| Motto | Nulla Rosa Sine Spina - No rose without a thorn |
No. 616 (South Yorkshire) Squadron was a unit of the British Auxiliary Air Force and later the Royal Auxiliary Air Force from 1938 to 1957.
Contents |
[edit] History and Operations
The unit was formed on 1 November 1938 at RAF Doncaster and was allotted the role of fighter squadron. The squadron badge was a white Yorkshire rose superimposed on an arrow.
The first operational aircraft were Gloster Gauntlet biplane fighters received in January 1939. Fairey Battles were delivered in May 1939 for training duties to assist the squadron in preparing for re-equipment with Supermarine Spitfire I's in October 1939. During that month No. 616 moved to RAF Leconfield and by the end of November conversion to the modern fighter was complete.
The squadron's first operational sorties were over the Dunkirk withdrawal in late May 1940. During the first phase of the Battle of Britain No. 616 was based at Leconfield, moving south to RAF Kenley on 19 August to be nearer the front line.
The improved Spitfire II was received in February 1941 and was used from April on sweeps over occupied France, continuing until October. Further periodic updating with Spitfire V, VI and VII continued through the mid-war years. From March 1943 onwards, No. 616 was stationed in southwest England.
On 12 July 1944 the unit became the first RAF squadron to receive jet equipment in the form of Gloster Meteor I fighters. The first Meteor operational sortie was on 27 July from RAF Manston when it intercepted V-1 flying bombs launched against southern England. The first victories came on 4 August when one V1 was tipped over after a pilot's cannon jammed and another was shot down. The loss rate of the still unproven Meteor I was high, with three being written off in non-combat incidents between 15 and 29 August. Re-equipment with improved Meteor III's began in January 1945 and in February a detachment was deployed to Melsbroek near Brussels in Belgium. It was intended as a defence against Me 262's but in the event did not ever face them. In early April the complete squadron moved to Gilze-Rijen in the Netherlands, commencing ground attack sorties on 16 April. The squadron was disbanded at Lubeck West Germany on 29 August 1945.
No. 616 squadron was reformed at RAF Finningley as the South Yorkshire Squadron on 10 May 1946 (or 31 July 1946[1]) and commenced recruiting personnel. Allocated the night fighter role within Reserve Command, the first Mosquito T.3 trainers were received in October, but it was not until January 1948 that the operational Mosquito NF.30s were delivered to Finningley. At the end of 1948 No. 616 was redesignated as a day fighter squadron and began to receive Meteor F.3's in January 1949. Conversion to the updated Meteor F.8 took place in December 1951. The squadron moved base to RAF Worksop on 23 May 1955, where it disbanded on 10 March 1957, together with all RAuxAF flying units. Rawlings in 'Fighter Squadrons of the Royal Air Force' however lists the squadron as disbanding at Finningley on 15 February 1947.
[edit] Aircraft operated
| Dates | Aircraft | Variant | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1938-1939 | Hawker Hind | ||
| 1939 | Gloster Gauntlet | II | |
| 1939 | Fairey Battle | ||
| 1939-1941 | Supermarine Spitfire | I | |
| 1941 | Supermarine Spitfire | IIA | |
| 1941-1942 | Supermarine Spitfire | VB | |
| 1941 | Supermarine Spitfire | IIB | |
| 1942-1943 | Supermarine Spitfire | VI | |
| 1943-1944 | Supermarine Spitfire | VII | |
| 1944-1945 | Gloster Meteor | I | |
| 1945 | Gloster Meteor | III | |
| 1947-1949 | de Havilland Mosquito | NF30 | |
| 1949-1951 | Gloster Meteor | F3 | |
| 1951 | Gloster Meteor | F4 | |
| 1951-1957 | Gloster Meteor | F8 |
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ John Rawlings, Fighter Squadrons of the Royal Air Force, MacDonald & Co., 1969, p.510
- J.J. Halley, The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force 1918-1988, Air-Britain, Tonbridge, 1988, ISBN 0-85130-164-9
- G. G. Jefford, RAF Squadrons, second edition 2001, Airlife Publishing, UK, ISBN 1-84037-141-2.
- John Rawlings, Fighter Squadrons of the Royal Air Force, MacDonald & Co., 1969, SBN 356 02629 9
