Neoshamanism

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Neoshamanism, or Neo-Shamanism, is a term applied to certain emergent shamanistic philosophies, whether they are a revival of older shamanistic beliefs and traditions or an amalgamation of new-age spiritual beliefs. Neoshamanism is sometimes used as a disclaimer or qualifier, where revivalists who are trying to piece back together shattered systems must admit that the system in question no longer exists as a whole due to significant changes in the original culture, often as the result of colonisation, globalisation, or genocide. Neoshamanism is not a single, cohesive belief system, but many such philosophies lumped together. However, certain generalities may be drawn between neoshamans. Most believe in spirits and pursue self-actualization through meditation and sometimes the use of entheogens. Most systems might be described as existing somewhere on the animism/pantheism spectrum.[1]

Many members of traditional, indignenous cultures and religions are suspicious of neoshamanism, believing it to rely too heavily on cultural appropriation, or that it is an excuse by fraudulent shamans to cover up inconsistencies in their ceremonies.[2][3]. According to York (2001) one difference between neoshamanism and traditional shamanism is the role of fear. Neoshamanism and its new age relations tends to dismiss the existence of evil, fear, and failure. "In traditional shamanism, the shaman’s initiation is an ordeal involving pain, hardship and terror. New Age, by contrast is a religious perspective that denies the ultimately reality of the negative, and this would devalue the role of fear as well"[1].

Another possible cause observed that can make traditional shamans cautious: some Nanai shamans experienced performances on the stage as dangerous, believing that inappropriate (untimely, superfluous) invocation of the helping spirits can raise their anger.[4]

Contents

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Karlsson, Thomas (2002). Uthark - Nightside of the Runes. Ouroboros. ISBN 91-974102-1-7. 
  2. ^ Hagan, Helene E.. "The Plastic Medicine People Circle", Sonoma County Free Press, September 1992. 
  3. ^ Hobson, G. (1978). The Remembered Earth. Red Earth Press. 
  4. ^ Shaman on the Stage (Shamanism and Northern Identity) by Tatyana Bulgakova

[edit] Further reading

  • Joseph Campbell, The Masks of God: Primitive Mythology. 1959; reprint, New York and London: Penguin Books, 1976. ISBN 0-14-019443-6
  • Thomas Dale Cowan, Shamanaism: As a Spiritual Practice for Daily Life. San Francisco: Ten Speed / Crossing Press, 1996. ISBN 0-89-594838-9
  • Thomas Dale Cowan and Sandra Ingerman, Yearning for the Wind: Celtic Reflections on Nature and the Soul. New World Library, 2003. ISBN 1-57-731411-5
  • Richard de Mille, ed. The Don Juan Papers: Further Castaneda Controversies. Santa Barbara, CA: Ross-Erikson, 1980.
  • George Devereux, "Shamans as Neurotics", American Anthropologist, New Series, Vol. 63, No. 5, Part 1. (Oct., 1961), pp. 1088-1090.
  • Mircea Eliade, Shamanism: Archaic Techniques of Ecstasy. 1964; reprint, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-691-11942-2
  • Jay Courtney Fikes, Carlos Castaneda: Academic Opportunism and the Psychedelic Sixties,Millennia Press, Canada, 1993ISBN 0-9696960-0-0
  • Joan Halifax, ed. Shamanic Voices: A Survey of Visionary Narratives. 1979; reprint, New York and London: Penguin, 1991. ISBN 0-14-019348-0
  • Michael Harner: The Way of the Shaman. 1980, new edition, HarperSanFrancisco, 1990, ISBN 0-06-250373-1
  • Graham Harvey, ed. Shamanism: A Reader. New York and London: Routledge, 2003. ISBN 0-415-25330-6.
  • Åke Hultkrantz (Honorary Editor in Chief): Shaman. Journal of the International Society for Shamanistic Research
  • Sandra Ingerman, Soul Retrieval: Mending the Fragmented Self San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 2006. ISBN 0-06-122786-2
  • Sandra Ingerman, Welcome Home: Following Your Soul's Journey Home San Francisco: HarperOne, 1994. ISBN 0-06-250267-0
  • Philip Jenkins, Dream Catchers: How Mainstream America Discovered Native Spirituality. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-19-516115-7
  • Alice Kehoe, Shamans and Religion: An Anthropoligical Exploration in Critical Thinking. 2000. London: Waveland Press. ISBN 1-57766-162-1
  • Jeremy Narby and Francis Huxley, eds. Shamans Through Time: 500 Years on the Path to Knowledge. 2001; reprint, New York: Tarcher, 2004. ISBN 0-500-28327-3
  • Daniel C. Noel. Soul Of Shamanism: Western Fantasies, Imaginal Realities.Continuum, 1997. ISBN 0-8264-1081-2
  • Åke Ohlmarks 1939: Studien zum Problem des Schamanismus. Gleerup, Lund.
  • John Perkins. The World Is As You Dream It: Shamanic Teachings from the Amazon and Andes. Rochester, Vt.: Park Street, 1994. ISBN 0-89281-459-4
  • John Perkins. Shapeshifting: Techniques for Global and Personal Transformation. Destiny Books, 1997. ISBN 0-89-281663-5
  • John Perkins. Psychonavigation: Techniques for Travel Beyond Time. Destiny Books; 2Rev Ed edition, 1999. ISBN 0-89-28180-0X
  • John Perkins. Spirit of the Shuar: Wisdom from the Last Unconquered People of the Amazon. Destiny Books, 2001. ISBN 0-89-281865-4
  • Alberto Villoldo, PhD: Shaman, Healer, Sage. New York: Harmony Books, 2000. ISBN: 0-609-60544-5.
  • Alberto Villoldo, PhD: Mending the Past and Healing the Future with Soul Retrieval. Carlsbad, CA: Hay House, Inc. ISBN: 978-1-4019-0625-2
  • Piers Vitebsky, The Shaman: Voyages of the Soul - Trance, Ecstasy and Healing from Siberia to the Amazon, Duncan Baird, 2001. ISBN 1-903296-18-8
  • Michael Winkelman, (2000) Shamanism: The Neural Ecology of Consciousness and Healing. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey.
  • Andrei Znamenski, ed. Shamanism: Critical Concepts, 3 vols. London: Routledge, 2004. ISBN 0-415-31192-6
  • Andrei Znamenski, Shamanism in Siberia: Russian Records of Siberian Spirituality. Dordrech and Boston: Kluwer/Springer, 2003. ISBN 1-4020-1740-5
  • Andrei Znamenski, The Beauty of the Primitive: Shamanism and Western Imagination. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. ISBN 0195172310
  • Hank Wesselman, PhD & Jill Kuykendall, RPT: Spirit Medicine: Healing in the Sacred Realms. Hay House, 2004 ISBN: 978-1401902919

[edit] External links