MV Lake Illawarra
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| Career (Australia) |  |
|---|---|
| Builder: | BHP at Whyalla, South Australia  Australia |
| Launched: | 1958 |
| Out of service: | 1975 |
| Struck: | 1975 |
| Fate: | Collided with Tasman Bridge in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia on 5 January 1975 at 9:27 p.m. and sank in 35 m (115 ft) of water |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 7,274 tons |
| Length: | 446.15 ft (136 m) |
| Beam: | 58.75 ft (18 m) |
| Draught: | 31.4 ft (10 m) |
| Propulsion: | two Parsons steam turbines, single-shaft |
The SS Lake Illawarra was a handyweight bulk carrier of 7,274 tons in the service of the shipping company Australian National Lines, which famously and dramatically collided with pylon 19 of Hobart's giant high concrete arch style Tasman Bridge on the evening of 5 January 1975 at 9.27pm.[1][2][3]
The Lake Illawarra was an ore carrier, and at the time of its collision was loaded with zinc concentrate, her destination being the Elecrolytic Zinc Company Pasminco (now Zinifex) Zinc refinery, located a couple of kilometres up the Derwent River from the bridge.[2]
Just before the impact, Captain Boleslaw Pelc realised as he passed Rosny Point that he was off course, and travelling too fast. He tried to adjust the course, but only managed to bring the bows too far to the port (left) and facing the western shore. He urgently counter-corrected, but could not make the opening. Realising he was headed for a collision, he threw her into a full reverse, but the torque from the propellers caused the ship to slide in a broadside movement. She smashed into the 18th and 19th pylons.[1]
The collision brought down the two support pylons and a 127 metre (417 ft) section of steel and concrete.[3] There was evening traffic on the bridge, and although no vehicles were on the section that fell, four cars drove off the gap, with five people killed.[3] Two cars stopped on the edge; their occupants able to escape.[3] The section of four-lane highway landed on the ship's deck, sinking her in 35 metres (115 ft) of water to the south of the bridge, and resulting in another seven deaths.[3][1] Illawarra and the debris pile was deemed unsafe to move; the ship's oil was pumped out, and the bow was removed at a later date.[1] The wreck is deep enough to avoid being a navigational hazard,[4] although movement caused by tides is considered enough of a threat to the bridge to be monitored closely with electronic sensors.[citation needed]
The Illawarra was capable of passing underneath the bridge's central navigation span, but the captain instead attempted to pass through one of the eastern spans, due to a combination of strong tidal currents and inattention.[1][5]
The subsequent Court of Marine Inquiry found that Captain Pelc had not handled the Lake Illawarra in a proper and seamanlike manner, and suspended his master's certificate for six months.[1] A pilot service was introduced in response to the Court's findings.[5]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f Shipwrecks of Tasmania. Retrieved on 20 August 2007.
- ^ a b Feature Article - The Tasman bridge. 1301.6 - Tasmanian Year Book, 2000. Australian Bureau of Statistics (13 September 2002). Retrieved on 2007-04-04.
- ^ a b c d e Tasman Bridge disaster. Clarence City Council. Retrieved on 20 August 2007.
- ^ Steven Dally (8 December 1995). SAFE For another 70 years. The Mercury. Retrieved on 2007-04-04.
- ^ a b Hobart, Tas: Bridge Collapse. Attorney General's Department-Emergency Management Australia. Retrieved on 20 August 2007.
