MOD and TOD (video format)
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MOD and TOD are recording formats for use in digital tapeless camcorders. The format is comparable to AVCHD.
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[edit] Overview
MOD and TOD are informal names of tapeless video formats used by JVC (MOD and TOD) and Panasonic (MOD only) in some models of digital camcorders. Format names correspond to extensions of media files. Neither JVC nor Panasonic explained meaning of this file extensions, but MOD is used exclusively for standard definition video files, while TOD is used for high definition files. The format was never given an official name.
First camcorders that used MOD format appeared in 2005. JVC introduced Everio GZ-MG30, which was recording directly to internal hard disk drive. Panasonic unveiled SDR-S100, which recorded to SD cards. Codec type, data rates, frame rate and frame size closely matched parameters of DVD-video.
In January 2007 JVC announced its first high definition tapeless consumer camcorder, Everio GZ-HD7, which could record 1080i MPEG-2 video to either built-in hard disk drive or an SD memory card. Data rates, frame rate and frame size matched or exceeded parameters of HDV video.[1]
Panasonic has never released a consumer high definition camcorder with recording format similar to one used in the JVC camera. Instead, it joined Sony to develop AVCHD.
Both MOD and TOD are file-based formats that are stored on a random-access media. Directory structure and naming convention are identical except for extensions of media files.
Standard definition video is stored in MPEG-2 program stream container files with MOD extension; in most other systems these files have extension MPG or MPEG. High definition video is stored in MPEG-2 transport stream container files with TOD extension; in most other systems these files have M2T extension.[2]
The file structure is unique to this video recording format, though the directory for still images is called DCIM, similarly to format used in most still cameras.
Standard definition video can be recorded in 4:3 and 16:9 formats, but the latter is not correctly identified in media file header, so video may appear squeezed horizontally when viewed. Software that is shipped with camcorders is capable of fixing this problem. There are also third-party tools for setting the wide-screen flag in media file header.[3]
MOD video can be watch on a computer with a player that is capable of reproducing MPEG-2 video. This video can be easily authored for watching on a DVD player without recompression, as it is fully complaint with DVD-video standard.
TOD format is comparable with AVCHD, but cannot be directly played on consumer video equipment. Media files must be packaged into distribution formats like HD DVD or Blu-ray Disc, using authoring software. One of TOD recording modes, "1440CBR", has the same frame size, aspect ratio and frame rate as 1080i HDV, and can be loosely called "HDV on disk". The format preserves compatibility with the older tape-based specification, while giving an opportunity for recording onto a non-linear media instead of tape.
[edit] Products
[edit] JVC MOD camcorders
- 2005: GZ-MG30 (HDD), GZ-MG70 (HDD)
- 2006: GZ-MG37 (HDD), GZ-MG77 (HDD), GZ-MG505 (HDD, SD/SDHC card)
- 2007: GZ-MG130 (HDD), GZ-MG155 (HDD), GZ-MG255 (HDD), GZ-MG555 (HDD, SD/SDHC card)
[edit] JVC TOD camcorders
- 2007: GZ-HD7 (HDD, SD/SDHC card), GZ-HD3 (HDD, SD/SDHC card)
- 2008: GZ-HD5 (HDD, MicroSDHC card), GZ-HD6 (HDD, MicroSDHC card)
[edit] Panasonic MOD camcorders
- 2005: SDR-S100 (SD card)
- 2006: SDR-S150 (SD/SDHC card)
- 2007: SDR-S10 (SD/SDHC card), SDR-H200 (HDD, SD/SDHC card)
- 2008: SDR-H40 (HDD), SDR-H60 (HDD)
[edit] Canon MOD Camcorders
- 2008: FS100 (SDHC)
[edit] Specifications
| Name of format | MOD | TOD |
|---|---|---|
| Media | Hard disk drive, solid-state memory cards | |
| Video | ||
| Video signal | 480i, 576i | 1080/60i, 1080/50i |
| Frame size in pixels | 720 x 480, 720 x 576 | 1440 x 1080, 1920 x 1080 |
| Frame aspect ratio | 4:3, 16:9 | 16:9 |
| Video Compression | MPEG2 Video (profile & level: MP@ML) | MPEG2 Video (profile & level: MP@HL) |
| Chroma sampling format | 4:2:0 | |
| Compressed video bitstream rate | ~10 Mbit/s | ~30 Mbit/s |
| Audio | ||
| Compression | MPEG-1 Audio Layer II | |
| System | ||
| Stream type | Program Stream | Transport Stream |
| Media file extension | MOD (on camcorder),
MPG or MPEG (on computer) |
TOD (on camcorder),
M2T (on computer) |
[edit] References
- ^ JVC GZ-HD7: World’s First 1920x1080 MPEG-2 Camcorder.
- ^ Working with JVC Everio MOD and TOD files.
- ^ New version of SDcopy.exe available.
[edit] See also
- AVCHD: tapeless high definition format
- HDV: tape-based high definition format
- DV: tape-based standard definition format
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