Methyl isobutyl ketone
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| IUPAC name | 4-Methyl-2-pentanone |
| Other names | Isopropylacetone Hexone Isobutyl methyl ketone Isopropylacetone 4-Methylpentan-2-one |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [108-10-1] |
| RTECS number | SA9275000 |
| SMILES | CC(C)CC(=O)C |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C6H12O |
| Molar mass | 100.2 g/mol |
| Appearance | colorless liquid |
| Density | 0.80 g/ml, liquid |
| Melting point |
−84.7 °C |
| Boiling point |
117-118 °C |
| Solubility in water | 1.91 g/100 ml (20 °C) |
| Viscosity | 0.58 cP at 20.0 °C |
| Structure | |
| Dipole moment | 4.2 D |
| Hazards | |
| EU classification | Flammable (F) Harmful (Xn) |
| NFPA 704 |
 3
2
0
|
| R-phrases | R11, R20, R36/37, R66 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S9, S16, S29 |
| Flash point | 14 °C |
| Related compounds | |
| Related ketones | Methyl isopropyl ketone Pentan-2-one |
| Related compounds | 2-Methylpentan-4-ol |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) is a ketone that is widely used as a solvent. Unlike the other common ketone solvents, acetone and MEK, MIBK has quite low solubility in water, allowing it to be used for liquid-liquid extraction. It has a similar polarity to the ester solvent ethyl acetate, but higher stability towards aqueous acid or base than ethyl acetate.
Methyl isobutyl ketone is manufactured from acetone, via a three-step process. Firstly acetone is dimerised via the aldol condensation to give diacetone alcohol, which readily dehydrates to give mesityl oxide. Mesityl oxide can then be hydrogenated to give MIBK.
[edit] Uses
It is used as a solvent for CS in the preparation of the CS spray used currently by British police forces. [1]
When mixed with water or isopropyl alcohol it is also used as a developer for PMMA electron-beam lithography resist.
Another major use is as raw material in the preparation of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylene diamine (6PPD), an antiozonant used in tires. 6PPD is prepared by reductive coupling of MIBK with 4-aminodiphenylamine.[citation needed]
Methyl isobutyl ketone is also used as a denaturing agent for denatured alcohol.
Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) can be used to extract gold, silver and other precious metals from cyanide solutions, such as those found on gold mines, to determine the levels of those dissolved metals. Another solution used for this purpose is Di Iso Butyl Ketone (DIBK).
[edit] References
- ^ Peter J Gray (2000). "CS gas is not CS spray - formulation is important" (Response to editorial). BMJ 321: 26. doi:.
