Image:M.Ewing-1948.jpg

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Maurice Ewing in 1948

Historic photo courtesy Columbia University

Non-free / fair use media rationale for Maurice Ewing
Description	This image is a faithful digitalization of Maurice Ewing, a historically significant photograph.
Source	The image has been derived from: Columbia University http://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/Winter2001/ewing.html.
Article	Maurice Ewing
Portion used	Because the image is historically significant, the entire image is needed to identify the subject, properly convey the meaning and branding intended, and avoid tarnishing or misrepresenting the image.
Low resolution?	The copy is of sufficient resolution for commentary and identification but lower resolution than the original. Copies made from it will be of inferior quality, unsuitable for uses that would compete with any commercial purpose of the photograph.
Purpose of use	Identification and critical commentary in the Maurice Ewing article, a subject of public interest. It makes a significant contribution to the user's understanding of the article, which could not practically be conveyed by words alone. The image is placed next to the associated material discussing the work, to show the primary visual image associated with the work, and to help the user quickly identify the work and know they have found what they are looking for.
Replaceable?	Because the image depicts a non-reproducible historic event, there is almost certainly no free equivalent. Any substitute that is not a derivative work would fail to convey the meaning intended, would tarnish or misrepresent its image, or would fail its purpose of identification or commentary.
Other information	Use of the historic image in the article complies with Wikipedia non-free content policy and fair use under United States copyright law as described above. The image meets general Wikipedia content requirements and is encyclopaedic.

[edit] Fair use in List of geologists

Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws, and the stricter requirements of Wikipedia's non-free content policies, because:

It illustrates an educational article about the entity that the logo represents.
The image is used as a primary means of visual identification of the article topic.
It is a low resolution image, and thus not suitable for production of counterfeit goods.
The photo is not used in such a way that a reader would be confused into believing that the article is written or authorized by the owner of the logo.
It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.
For list articles, Wikipedia policy is that non-free images should be used judiciously to present the key visual aspects of the topic.

[edit] Licensing:

This image is a faithful digitalization of a unique historic image, and the copyright for it is most likely held by the person who took the image or the agency employing the person. It is believed that the use of this Image

to illustrate the event or historically notable person(s) in question where:
The image depicts a non-reproducible historic event or historically notable person(s), and no free alternative exists or can be created, and
The image is low resolution and of no larger and of no higher quality than is necessary for the illustration of an article, and the use of the image on Wikipedia is not expected to decrease the value of the copyright,
on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation,

qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Other use of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Fair use for more information.

If this does not accurately describe this image, please remove this tag and provide a different fair use rationale.

To the uploader: please add a detailed fair use rationale for each use, as described on Wikipedia:Image description page, as well as the source of the work and copyright information.

File history

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	Date/Time	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	06:29, 6 April 2008	250×262 (19 KB)	Tillman (Talk \| contribs)	(Maurice Ewing in 1948 Historic photo courtesy Columbia University {{Historic fur \| Article = Maurice Ewing \| Source = Columbia University http://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/Winter2001/ewing.html }} {{Non-free histor)