List of names of Odin
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Odin (Old Norse Óðinn), the chief god of Norse mythology, was referred to by more than 200 names[1] in the skaldic and Eddic traditions.
Then said Gangleri: "Exceeding many names have ye given him; and, by my faith, it must indeed be a goodly wit that knows all the lore and the examples of what chances have brought about each of these names." Then Hárr made answer: "It is truly a vast sum of knowledge to gather together and set forth fittingly. But it is briefest to tell thee that most of his names have been given him by reason of this chance: there being so many branches of tongues in the world, all peoples believed that it was needful for them to turn his name into their own tongue, by which they might the better invoke him and entreat him on their own behalf. But some occasions for these names arose in his wanderings; and that matter is recorded in tales. Nor canst thou ever be called a wise man if thou shalt not be able to tell of those great events." Gylfaginning, XX, Brodeur's translation
| Name (Old Norse) |
Name (anglicized) |
Meaning[2] | Sources | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aldaföðr | father of men (or of the age) | Óðins nöfn (1), Vafþrúðnismál (4, 53) | ||
| Alda gautr | Gautr of men (or of the age) | Baldrs draumar (2) | ||
| Alföðr | Alfodr | Allfather, Father of All | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Algingautr | The aged Gautr | The Icelandic rune poem (4) | ||
| Arnhöfði | eagle headed one | Óðins nöfn (2) | ||
| Atriðr | Atrid | attacking rider | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nöfn (1) | |
| Asagrim (< *Ásagrimmr)[3] | Lord of the Aesir | Stolt Herr Alf | ||
| Auðun | friend of wealth | Óðins nöfn (1) | ||
| Báleygr | Baleyg | Flame Eye | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (47), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's Hákonardrápa (6), Gísl Illugason's Erfikvæði um Magnús berfœtt (1), þulur, Óðins nöfn (6) | |
| Biflindi | / | Spear Shaker | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (6) | |
| Bileygr | Bileyg | Feeble Eye or Wavering Eye | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), þulur, Óðins nöfn (5) | |
| Blindi, Blindr | / | The blind one | Gylfaginning, Helgakviða Hundingsbana II (prose) | |
| Brúni, Brúnn | The brown one | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Bölverkr | Bolverk | Evil Worker or Evil Deed | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hávamál (109), Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Drauga dróttinn | Lord of the dead | Ynglinga saga | ||
| Dresvarpr | Óðins nöfn (2) | |||
| Ennibrattr | The one with straight forehead | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Eylúðr | The ever booming | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Farmagnuðr, Farmögnuðr | journey empowerer | Háleygjatal (2), Skáldskaparmál | ||
| Farmaguð, Farmatýr | Farmagud, Farmatyr | God of Cargoes (or Burdens) | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Fengr | catcher | Óðins nöfn (2) | ||
| Fimbultýr | Fimbultyr | Mighty God | Völuspá (60) | |
| Fimbulþulr[4] | Fimbulthul | Mighty Poet (or Sage) | Hávamál (80, 142) | |
| Fjallgeiguðr | Óðins nöfn (2) | |||
| Fjölnir[5] | Fjolnir | Wise One, concealer | Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18), Gylfaginning (3, 20), many skaldic poems, þulur, Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Fjölsviðr | Fjolsvid, Fjolsvin | Very Wise | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Fjörgynn | Fjorgyn | Masculine counterpart of feminine Fjörgyn meaning "land/earth" | Lokasenna (26), Völuspá (56) | |
| Fornölvir | Ancient Ölvir | Óðins nöfn (2) | ||
| Fráríðr | The one who rides forth | Óðins nöfn (2) | ||
| Gagnráðr | Gagnrad | Advantage Counsel | Vafþrúðnismál (8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17) | |
| Gangari, Ganglari | / | Wanderer or Wayweary | Gylfaginning | |
| Gangleri [6] | / | Wanderer or Wayweary | Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Gangráðr | Contrary advisor | Óðins nöfn (3) | ||
| Gapþrosnir | The one in gaping frenzy | Óðins nöfn (3) | ||
| Gautatýr | Gautatyr | God of the Geats | Skáldskaparmál, Eyvindr skáldaspillir's Hákonarmál (1) | |
| Gautr[7] | Gaut | Gautr | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nöfn (1) | |
| Geiguðr | Dangler | Óðins nöfn (3) | ||
| Geirlöðnir | Spear inviter | Óðins nöfn (3) | ||
| Geirölnir | Spear charger | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Ginnarr | Deceiver | Óðins nöfn (1) | ||
| Gizurr[8] | Riddler | Óðins nöfn (1) | ||
| Gestumblindi | / | Blind Guest | Hervarar saga (10), þulur, Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Glapsviðr | Glapsvid, Glapsvin | Swift in Deceit, Maddener | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Göllnir | Yeller | Óðins nöfn (3) | ||
| Gollorr | Yeller | Óðins nöfn (1) | ||
| Göllungr | Yeller | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Göndlir [9] | Gondlir | Wand Bearer | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Grímnir | Grimnir | Hooded, Masked One | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (introduction, 47, 49), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's lausavísur (9), Eilífr Goðrúnarson's Þórsdrápa (3), Húsdrápa (1), Rögnvaldr kali Kolsson's lausavísur (7), þulur, Óðins nöfn (1) | |
| Grímr | Grim | Mask | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46, 47), þulur, Óðins nöfn (3, 7) | |
| Gunnblindi | Battle blinder | Óðins nöfn (8) | ||
| Hagvirkr | Skilful worker | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Hanga dróttinn | Lord of the hanged | Ynglinga saga | ||
| Hangaguð, Hangatýr | Hangagud, Hangatyr | God of the Hanged | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál | |
| Haptaguð | Haptagud | God of Prisoners | Gylfaginning | |
| Hárbarðr | Harbard | Grey Beard | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Hárbardsljód, þulur, Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Hárr | Har | High | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Hávi | Havi | High One | Hávamál (109, 111, 164), Óðins nöfn (4) | |
| Helblindi [10] | / | Hel Blinder | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46) | |
| Hengikeptr | Hang jaw | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Herblindi | Host blinder | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Herföðr, Herjaföðr | Herfodr, Herjafodr | Father of Hosts | Gylfaginning, Völuspá (29, 43), Vafthrúdnismál (2), Grímnismál (19, 25, 26), Óðins nöfn (5) | |
| Herjan | / | Warrior | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Herteitr | Herteit | War-merry | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Hertýr | Hertyr | Host-Tyr or God of Hosts | Skáldskaparmál | |
| Hjálmberi | Hjalmberi | Helmet Bearer | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), þulur, Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Hjarrandi | Screamer | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Hléfreyr | Famous/barrow lord | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Hleifruðr | Óðins nöfn (4) | |||
| Hnikarr | Hnikar | Overthrower | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18, 19), Óðins nöfn (2) | |
| Hnikuðr | Hnikud | Overthrower | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nöfn (1) | |
| Hrafnaguð | Hrafnagud | Raven God | Gylfaginning | |
| Hrami | Fetterer, Ripper | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Hrjóðr | Roarer | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Hroptr, Hroptatýr | Hropt, Hroptatyr | Sage[11] | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hákonarmál (14), Úlfr Uggason's Húsdrápa (8), Hávamál (160), Grímnismál (54), Sigrdrífumál (13), Óðins nöfn (2, 3, 5) | |
| Hrosshársgrani | Horse hair moustache | Gautreks saga, Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Hvatmóðr | Whet courage | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Hveðrungr | Roarer | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Jafnhárr | Jafnhar | Just as High, Equally High | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Jálg, Jálkr | Jalk | Gelding | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49, 54), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Jólnir | Yule figure | Óðins nöfn (7) | ||
| Jölfuðr | Óðins nöfn (8) | |||
| Jörmunr | The mighty one | Óðins nöfn (8) | ||
| Kjalarr | Kjalar | Keel | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (1) | |
| Langbarðr | Langbard | Long Beard | þulur, Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Löndungr | Óðins nöfn (7) | |||
| Njótr | User, enjoyer | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Ófnir | Inciter | Óðins nöfn (7) | ||
| Olgr | Protector, Hawk | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Ómi | Omi | Shouter | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Óski | Oski | God of Wishes | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Rögnir | Óðins nöfn (5) | |||
| Saðr | Sadr, Sann | Truthful | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Sanngetall | / | Truthful | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Síðgrani | Sidgrani | Long Beard | Alvíssmál (6) | |
| Síðhöttr | Sidhott [12] | Broad Hat | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nöfn (4) | |
| Síðskeggr | Sidskegg | Long Beard | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nöfn (6) | |
| Sigðir | Victory bringer | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Sigföðr | Sigfodr | Father of Victory, War Father | Gylfaginning, Völuspá (54), Grímnismál (48), Óðins nöfn (4) | |
| Siggautr | Victory Geat | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Sigmundr | Victory protection | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Sigtryggr | Sure of victory | Óðins nöfn (8) | ||
| Sigtýr[13] | Sigtyr | God of Victory, War God | Skáldskaparmál, Atlakviða (30), Glúmr Geirason's Gráfeldardrápa (12) | |
| Sigþrór | Successful in victory | Óðins nöfn (8) | ||
| Skilfingr | Skilfing | Trembler | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Skollvaldr | Ruler of treachery | Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Sváfnir [14] | Svafnir | Sleep bringer | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nöfn (4) | |
| Sviðarr | Svidar | Gylfaginning | ||
| Sviðrir | Svidrir | Calmer | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nöfn (6) | |
| Sviðuðr | Óðins nöfn (4) | |||
| Sviðurr | Svidur | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nöfn (6) | ||
| Svipall | / | Changing | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nöfn (3) | |
| Svölnir | Svolnir | Cooler, Sweller | Skáldskaparmál, Óðins nöfn (6) | |
| Tveggi | Óðins nöfn (8) | |||
| Tvíblindi | Tviblindi | Twice Blind | þulur, Óðins nöfn (4) | |
| Þekkr | Thekk | Known | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Þrasarr | Quarreler | Óðins nöfn (4) | ||
| Þriði | Thridi | Third | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (5) | |
| Þrór | Thror | Burgeoning | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Þróttr | Thrott | Strength | Glymdrápa (2) | |
| Þuðr | Thud, Thunn | Gylfaginning, Óðins nöfn (7) | ||
| Þundr | Thund | Thunderer | Gylfaginning, Hávamál (145), Grímnismál (46, 54), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Uðr | Ud, Unn[15] | Loved, Beloved, Striver | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Váfuðr | Vafud | Wanderer | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54) | |
| Vakr | Vak | Wakeful | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nöfn (7) | |
| Valföðr | Valfodr | Father of the Slain | Gylfaginning, Völuspá (1, 27, 28), Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nöfn (5) | |
| Valgautr | Valgaut | Slaughter-Geat, Geat of the Slain | Skáldskaparmál, Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Vegtam | / | Wanderer or Way-tame | Baldrs draumar (6, 13) | |
| Veratýr | Veratyr | God of men | Gylfaginning, Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Viðrir | Vidrir | Stormer | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Lokasenna (26) | |
| Viðrímnir | Contrary screamer | Óðins nöfn (1) | ||
| Viðurr | Vidur | Killer | Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nöfn (6), Karlevi Runestone | |
| Vingnir | Swinger | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Vófuðr | Dangler | Óðins nöfn (5) | ||
| Yggr | Ygg | Terrible One | Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Völuspá (28), Grímnismál (53, 54), Óðins nöfn (8) | |
| Ýjungr | Óðins nöfn (8) |
[edit] Notes
- ^ Harrison, D. & Svensson, K. (2007). Vikingaliv Fälth & Hässler, Värnamo. ISBN 978-91-27-35725-9 p. 63
- ^ These names can have other meanings and uses, see translation by Hringari Oðinssen (2000).
- ^ The use of grimmR and the later form grim in the sense "lord" has only a few occurrences from Sweden. In extant Icelandic material grimmr only appears as an adjective with the meaning "heartless", "strict" and "wicked", which can be compared with the use of adjective gramr ("wrath") as a name for "lord", see Runic Dictionary Entry for grimmR at the runic dictionary of the university of Nottingham.
- ^ Also the name of a river, one of the Élivágar.
- ^ Also the name of a mythological king of Sweden Fjölnir.
- ^ Also an assumed name used by Gylfi.
- ^ Also the name of a member of a defunct Scandinavian nation, one of the Geats.
- ^ Also the name of a Geatish king, Gizurr.
- ^ "Geldnir" in other manuscripts.
- ^ Also the name of a brother of Loki.
- ^ The meaning is disputed according to Lindow but Larrington gives the translation "Sage" in the Poetic Edda.
- ^ "Sidhofr" in other manuscripts.
- ^ In plural, sigtívar refers to the gods in many Eddic poems.
- ^ Also the name of a serpent found in the wellspring of Hvergelmir.
- ^ Also the name of one of the nine daughters of Ægir.
