List of colonial heads of Madagascar
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(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
| Term | Incumbent | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| French Suzerainty | ||
| 28 April 1886 to March 1888 | Charles Le Myre de Vilers, Resident-General | 1st Term |
| March 1888 to 12 December 1889 | Arthur Larrouy, Resident-General | 1st Term |
| 12 December 1889 to 11 October 1890 | Maurice Bompard, Resident-General | |
| 11 October 1890 to October 1892 | Lacoste, acting Resident-General | |
| October 1892 to 1894 | Arthur Larrouy, Resident-General | 2nd Term |
| 1894 to 1 December 1895 | Charles Le Myre de Vilers, Resident-General | 2nd Term |
| 1 December 1895 to 28 September 1896 | Hippolyte Laroche, Resident-General | |
| 28 September 1896 to 6 August 1896 | Joseph Galliéni, Resident-General | |
| French Protectorate | ||
| 6 August 1896 to 31 July 1897 | Joseph Simon Galliéni, Military Governor | |
| 31 July 1897 to 11 May 1905 | Joseph Simon Galliéni, Governor-General | |
| 11 May 1905 to December 1905 | Charles Louis Lépreux, acting Governor-General | |
| December 1905 to 13 December 1909 | Victor Augagneur, Governor-General | |
| 13 December 1909 to 16 January 1910 | Hubert Auguste Garbit, acting Governor-General | 1st Term |
| 16 January 1910 to 31 October 1910 | Henri François Charles Cor, acting Governor-General | |
| 31 October 1910 to 5 August 1914 | Albert Jean George Marie Louis Picquié, Governor-General | |
| 5 August 1914 to 13 October 1914 | Hubert Auguste Garbit, acting Governor-General | |
| 13 October 1914 to 24 July 1917 | Hubert Auguste Garbit, Governor-General | 2nd Term |
| 24 July 1917 to 1 August 1918 | Martial Henri Merlin, Governor-General | |
| 1 August 1918 to 12 July 1919 | Abraham Schrameck, Governor-General | |
| 12 July 1919 to 22 June 1920 | Marie Casimir Joseph Guyon, acting Governor-General | |
| 22 June 1920 to 13 March 1923 | Hubert Auguste Garbit, Governor-General | 3rd Term |
| 13 March 1923 to 20 February 1924 | Auguste Charles Désiré Emmanuel Brunet, acting Governor-General | |
| 20 February 1924 to 30 January 1929 | Marcel Achille Olivier, Governor-General | |
| 30 January 1929 to 1 May 1930 | Hugues Jean Berthier, acting Governor-General | |
| 1 May 1930 to 22 April 1939 | Léon Henri Charles Cayla, Governor-General | 1st Term |
| 22 April 1939 to 10 June 1939 | Léon Maurice Valentin Réallon, acting Governor-General | |
| 10 June 1939 to 30 July 1940 | Jules Marcel de Coppet, Governor-General | 1st Term |
| 30 July 1940 to 11 April 1941 | Léon Henri Charles Cayla, Governor-General | 2nd Term |
| 11 April 1941 to 30 September 1942 | Armand Léon Annet, Governor-General | |
| 5 May 1942 to 5 November 1942 | Robert Grice Sturges, Commander, Occupied Territories Administrator | British forces in opposition |
| 25 September 1942 to 1943 | Anthony Sillery, Occupied Territories Administrator (United Kingdom) | |
| 30 September 1942 to 7 January 1943 | Bech, acting Governor-General | |
| 7 January 1943 to 3 May 1943 | Paul Louis Victor Marie Legentilhomme, Governor-General | |
| 3 May 1943 to 27 March 1946 | Pierre de Saint-Mart, Governor-General | |
| 27 March 1946 to 19 May 1946 | Robert Boudry, acting Governor-General | |
| 19 May 1946 to 27 October 1946 | Jules Marcel de Coppet, Governor-General | |
| French overseas territory | ||
| 27 October 1946 to February 1948 | Jules Marcel de Coppet, Governor-General | 2nd Term |
| February 1948 to 3 February 1950 | Pierre Gabriel de Chevigné, High Commissioner | |
| 3 February 1950 to 1953 | Robert Isaac Bargues, High Commissioner | |
| 1953 to 14 October 1958 | Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux, High Commissioner | |
| autonomous Malagasy Republic | ||
| 14 October 1958 to 1 May 1959 | Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux, High Commissioner | |
| 26 June 1960 | Independence as Malagasy Republic |
