List of basic geology topics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For a more comprehensive list, see the List of geology topics.

Geology is the science and study of the solid matter that constitutes the Earth (the lithosphere). It is one of the Earth sciences. Geology studies the composition, structure, physical properties, history, and the processes that shape Earth's components, and encompasses such things as rocks, soil, and gemstones. Geologists help locate and manage the Earth's natural resources (such as petroleum and coal), metals (such as iron, copper, and uranium), gemstones and minerals, as well as elements (such as sulfur, chlorine, and helium).

The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to geology:

Geology Portal

1 Essence of geology
2 Branches of geology
- 2.1 Geology of Earth
- 2.2 Planetary geology
3 Main principles of geology
4 History of geology
5 Basic geology concepts
- 5.1 Geologic provinces
6 Plate tectonics
7 Influential geologists
8 Geology lists
9 See also
10 External links

[edit] Essence of geology

Main article: Geology

[edit] Branches of geology

Geology applies primarily to Earth, but can be applied to any planet.

[edit] Geology of Earth

Subdisciplines of geology:

[edit] Planetary geology

Main: Planetary geology See also: Geology of solar terrestrial planets

[edit] Main principles of geology

The principle of intrusive relationships
The principle of cross-cutting relationships
The principle of inclusions and components
The principle of uniformitarianism
The principle of original horizontality
The principle of superposition
The principle of faunal succession

[edit] History of geology

Main article: History of geology

[edit] Basic geology concepts

[edit] Geologic provinces

World geologic provinces
Oceanic crust 0-20 Ma 20-65 Ma >65 Ma Geologic provinces Shield Platform Orogen Basin Large igneous province Extended crust

Main article: Geologic province

Geologic provinces based on origin: