Linker of activated T cells

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Linker for activation of T cells

Identifiers

LAT; LAT1; pp36

External IDs

OMIM: 602354 MGI: 1342293 HomoloGene: 7811

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• SH3/SH2 adaptor activity • protein binding
Cellular Component:	• immunological synapse • membrane • integral to membrane • lipid raft
Biological Process:	• immune response • integrin-mediated signaling pathway • intracellular signaling cascade • Ras protein signal transduction • calcium-mediated signaling • mast cell degranulation • regulation of T cell activation

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

n/a

n/a

Refseq

NM_001014987 (mRNA)
NP_001014987 (protein)

NM_010689 (mRNA)
NP_034819 (protein)

Location

n/a

Chr 7: 126.15 - 126.16 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Linker of Activated T cells (LAT) is a transmembrane adapter protein associated with glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains (GEMs).^[1]

LAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein of 36–38 kDa (pp. 36–38) rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following TCR ligation.^[2] Cloning of the gene revealed that the protein product is a type III (leaderless) transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids (long form) or 233 aminoacids (short form) in humans, 242 aminoacids in mouse, and 241 aminoacids in rat.^[3]^[4]

[edit] References

^ Horejsí V (2004). "Transmembrane adaptor proteins in membrane microdomains: important regulators of immunoreceptor signaling". Immunol. Lett. 92 (1-2): 43–9. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2003.10.013. PMID 15081526.
^ Sieh M, Batzer A, Schlessinger J, Weiss A (1994). "GRB2 and phospholipase C-gamma 1 associate with a 36- to 38-kilodalton phosphotyrosine protein after T-cell receptor stimulation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 14 (7): 4435–42. PMID 7516467.
^ Zhang W, Sloan-Lancaster J, Kitchen J, Trible RP, Samelson LE (1998). "LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation". Cell 92 (1): 83–92. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80901-0. PMID 9489702.
^ Weber JR, Orstavik S, Torgersen KM, Danbolt NC, Berg SF, Ryan JC, Taskén K, Imboden JB, Vaage JT (1998). "Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36, a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells". J. Exp. Med. 187 (7): 1157–61. doi:10.1084/jem.187.7.1157. PMID 9529333.

[edit] Further reading

Wange RL (2002). "LAT, the linker for activation of T cells: a bridge between T cell-specific and general signaling pathways.". Sci. STKE 2000 (63): RE1. doi:10.1126/stke.2000.63.re1. PMID 11752630.
Sommers CL, Samelson LE, Love PE (2004). "LAT: a T lymphocyte adapter protein that couples the antigen receptor to downstream signaling pathways.". Bioessays 26 (1): 61-7. doi:10.1002/bies.10384. PMID 14696041.
Rivera J (2005). "NTAL/LAB and LAT: a balancing act in mast-cell activation and function.". Trends Immunol. 26 (3): 119-22. doi:10.1016/j.it.2005.01.001. PMID 15745852.
Trüb T, Frantz JD, Miyazaki M, et al. (1997). "The role of a lymphoid-restricted, Grb2-like SH3-SH2-SH3 protein in T cell receptor signaling.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (2): 894-902. PMID 8995379.
Hendricks-Taylor LR, Motto DG, Zhang J, et al. (1997). "SLP-76 is a substrate of the high affinity IgE receptor-stimulated protein tyrosine kinases in rat basophilic leukemia cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (2): 1363-7. PMID 8995445.
Zhang W, Sloan-Lancaster J, Kitchen J, et al. (1998). "LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation.". Cell 92 (1): 83-92. PMID 9489702.
Weber JR, Orstavik S, Torgersen KM, et al. (1998). "Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36, a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells.". J. Exp. Med. 187 (7): 1157-61. PMID 9529333.
Zhang W, Trible RP, Samelson LE (1998). "LAT palmitoylation: its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation.". Immunity 9 (2): 239-46. PMID 9729044.
Finco TS, Kadlecek T, Zhang W, et al. (1998). "LAT is required for TCR-mediated activation of PLCgamma1 and the Ras pathway.". Immunity 9 (5): 617-26. PMID 9846483.
Sarkar S (1999). "Tyrosine phosphorylation and translocation of LAT in platelets.". FEBS Lett. 441 (3): 357-60. PMID 9891970.
Liu SK, Fang N, Koretzky GA, McGlade CJ (1999). "The hematopoietic-specific adaptor protein gads functions in T-cell signaling via interactions with the SLP-76 and LAT adaptors.". Curr. Biol. 9 (2): 67-75. PMID 10021361.
Jevremovic D, Billadeau DD, Schoon RA, et al. (1999). "Cutting edge: a role for the adaptor protein LAT in human NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity.". J. Immunol. 162 (5): 2453-6. PMID 10072481.
Zhang W, Sommers CL, Burshtyn DN, et al. (1999). "Essential role of LAT in T cell development.". Immunity 10 (3): 323-32. PMID 10204488.
Tang J, Sawasdikosol S, Chang JH, Burakoff SJ (1999). "SLAP, a dimeric adapter protein, plays a functional role in T cell receptor signaling.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (17): 9775-80. PMID 10449770.
Gross BS, Melford SK, Watson SP (1999). "Evidence that phospholipase C-gamma2 interacts with SLP-76, Syk, Lyn, LAT and the Fc receptor gamma-chain after stimulation of the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI in human platelets.". Eur. J. Biochem. 263 (3): 612-23. PMID 10469124.
Lindholm CK, Gylfe E, Zhang W, et al. (1999). "Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (39): 28050-7. PMID 10488157.
Shan X, Wange RL (1999). "Itk/Emt/Tsk activation in response to CD3 cross-linking in Jurkat T cells requires ZAP-70 and Lat and is independent of membrane recruitment.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (41): 29323-30. PMID 10506192.
Bosselut R, Zhang W, Ashe JM, et al. (1999). "Association of the adaptor molecule LAT with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors identifies a new coreceptor function in T cell receptor signal transduction.". J. Exp. Med. 190 (10): 1517-26. PMID 10562325.
Tridandapani S, Lyden TW, Smith JL, et al. (2000). "The adapter protein LAT enhances fcgamma receptor-mediated signal transduction in myeloid cells.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (27): 20480-7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909462199. PMID 10781611.
Zhang W, Trible RP, Zhu M, et al. (2000). "Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues. Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor-mediated signaling.". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (30): 23355-61. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000404200. PMID 10811803.