Kontsevich system

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The Kontsevich system (Russian: Система Концевича/Sistema Kontsevicha) for the Cyrillization of the Korean language was created by the Russian scholar Lev Kontsevitch (Russian: Лев Концевич) on the basis of the earlier system designed by Aleksandr Kholodovich (Russian: Александр Холодович). It is currently the main system of transcribing Korean words into the Russian language.

Contents

[edit] Introduction

Cyrillization systems for Korean were developed domestically in both North and South Korea; Kontsevich carried out work on the systemisation of these rules. In contrast with some systems of romanization of Korean, the transcription is based primarily on the pronunciation of a word, rather than on its spelling. For example, the tensification of "ㅈ" in 한자 (漢字) is not represented in romanizations, where the word is typically spelled as "hanja"; however, it is represented in the Kontsevich transcription, which spells the word with a double "ч" as Ханчча (Khanchcha).

[edit] Consonants

Hangul Cyrillic Transcribed
Cyrillic		 RR
ㄱ К- / -г- / -к K / -g- / -k g / k
ㄴ Н N n
ㄷ Т- / -д- / -т T / -d- / -t d / t
ㄹ -Р- / -ЛЬ R / -l' r / l
ㅁ М M m
ㅂ П- / -б- / -п P / -b- / p b / p
ㅅ С / -т S / -t s
ㅇ -Н (-нъ) -n (-n') ng
ㅈ Ч / -дж- / -т Ch / -dzh - t j
ㅊ ЧХ / -т Chhh / -t ch
ㅋ КХ / -к Khh / -k k
ㅌ ТХ / -т Thh / -t t
ㅍ ПХ / -п Phh / -p p
ㅎ Х Kh/Hh h
ㄲ КК Kk kk
ㄸ ТТ Tt tt
ㅃ ПП Pp pp
ㅆ СС / -т SS / -t ss
ㅉ ЧЧ Cch jj

Comments:

  1. The jamo ㅇ has no transcription in the initial position
  2. Transcriptions in initial position are indicated in capital letters
  3. Transcriptions in medial position (between vowels or after the "sonorous" consonants М, Н, НЪ, ЛЬ, and Р) are indicated between two hyphens.
  4. Transcriptions in final position are indicated following a single hyphen.

[edit] Vowels

Hangul Cyrillic Transcribed
Cyrillic		 RR
ㅏ А A a
ㅑ Я Ya ya
ㅓ О O eo
ㅕ Ё Yo yeo
ㅗ О O o
ㅛ Ё Yo yo
ㅜ У U u
ㅠ Ю Yu yu
ㅡ Ы Y eu
ㅣ И I i
ㅐ Э è ae
ㅒ ЙЯ Jya yae
ㅔ Е / е E / e e
ㅖ ЙЕ / -е- je / -e- ye
ㅚ ВЕ Ve oe
ㅟ ВИ Vi wi
ㅢ ЫЙ / -и- Yj / -i- ui
ㅘ ВА Va wa
ㅝ ВО Vo wo
ㅙ ВЭ Vè wae
ㅞ ВЕ ve we

[edit] Transcription of medial consonants

Some letters are transcribed differently in the middle of a word when following certain other letters.

End of first syllable Н НЪ М ЛЬ К П
Beginning of second syllable
К (K) НГ (NG) НГ (NG) МГ (MG) ЛЬГ (L'G) КК (KK) ПК (PK)
Н (N) НГ (NG) НН (NN) МН (MN) ЛЛ (LL) НН (NN) МН (MN)
Т (T) НД (ND) НД (ND) МД (MD) ЛЬТТ (L'Tt) КТ (KT) ПТ (PT)
ЛЬ (L') ЛЛ (LL) НН (NN) МН (MN) ЛЛ (LL) НН (NN) МН (MN)
М (M) НМ (NM) НМ (NM) ММ (MM) ЛЬМ (L'M) НМ (NM) ММ (MM)
П (P) НБ (NB) НБ (NB) МБ ЛЬБ (L'B) КП (KP) ПП (PP)
С (S) НС (NS) НС (NS) МС (MS) ЛЬСС (L'Ss) КС (KS) ПС (PS)
Ч (Ch) НДЖ (NDZh) НДЖ (NDZh) МДЖ (MDZh) ЛЬЧЧ (L'Cch) КЧ (KCh) ПЧ (PCh)
ЧХ (Chhh) НЧХ (NChhh) НЧХ (NChhh) МЧХ (MChhh) ЛЬЧХ (L'Chhh) КЧХ (KChhh) ПЧХ (PChhh)
ПХ (Phh) НПХ (NPhh) НПХ (NPhh) МПХ (MPhh) ЛЬПХ (L'Phh) КПХ (KPhh) ППХ (PPhh)
ТХ (Thh) НТХ (NThh) НТХ (NThh) МТХ (MThh) ЛЬТХ (L'Thh) КТХ (KThh) ПТХ (PThh)
Х (Kh) НХ (NKh) НХ (NKh) МХ (MKh) РХ (PKh) КХ (KKh) ПХ (PKh)

[edit] Examples

English Hangul (Hanja) RR
(RR transliteration in brackets)		 Kontsevich
(Latin transliteration in brackets)
“wall” 벽(壁) byeok
(byeog)		 пёк
(pyok)
“on the wall” 벽에 byeoge
(byeog-e)
“outside”
(uninflected)		 밖 bak
(bakk)		 пакк
(pakk)
“outside” 밖에 bakke
(bakk-e)
“kitchen” 부엌 bueok
(bueok)		 пу-ок
(pu-ok)
“to the kitchen” 부엌에 bueoke
(bueok-e)
“Wikipedia” 위키백과(百科) wikibaekgwa
(wikibaeggwa)
“Hangul” 한글 hangeul or han-geul
(hangeul)		 Хангыль (Khang'il')
“Hanja” 한자 (漢字) hancha or han-cha
(hanja)		 Ханчча (Khanccha)
“character, letter” 글자( - 字) geulja
(geulja)		 кыльчча
(k'il'ccha)
“(an) easy” (+ noun) 쉬운 … swiun …
(swiun …)		 свиун …
(sviun)
“Four seasons are distinct.” 사계절(四季節)이 뚜렷하다. Sagyejeori tturyeothada.
(Sagyejeol-i ttulyeoshada.)
“Just check the line colour and width you want.” 원(願)하시는 선(線) 색(色)깔과 굵기에 체크하시면 됩니다. Weonhasineun seon saekkkalgwa gulkgie chekeuhasimyeon doemnida.
(Weonhasineun seon saegkkalgwa gulggie chekeuhasimyeon doebnida.)

[edit] Notes


[edit] External links