Kingdom of Portugal

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Kingdom of Portugal

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1139 – 1910

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Flag	Coat of arms

Anthem
O Hino da Carta (from 1834)

The Kingdom of Portugal in 1561

Capital

Lisbon¹

Language(s)

Portuguese

Religion

Roman Catholic

Government

Monarchy

King

- 1139-1185

Afonso I

- 1908-1910

Manuel II

History

- Established

26 July, 1139

- Peninsular War

1808-1814

- Brazilian suzerainty

1815

- Brazilian independence

October 12, 1822

- Revolution

5 October, 1910

Currency

Real (from 1433)

¹ Capital moved to Rio de Janeiro 1808-1815 and during the first dinasty was located at Coimbra from 1139 to 1255.

The Kingdom of Portugal was Portugal's general designation under the monarchy. The kingdom was located in the west of the Iberian Peninsula, Europe, and existed from 1139 to 1910. It was replaced by the Portuguese First Republic after a regicide (1908) and ultimately, a revolution (1910).

[edit] Origins and end

Main article: History of Portugal

The Second County of Portugal (1093-1139), successor to the First County of Portugal (868-1071), became a kingdom on 26 July 1139 when Afonso I was proclaimed king of Portugal.

In 1908, King Charles of Portugal was killed in a regicide at Lisbon. The Portuguese monarchy lasted until 5th October 1910, when through a revolution it was overthrown and Portugal was proclaimed a republic. The overthrow of the Portuguese monarchy in 1910 led to a sixteen-year struggle to sustain parliamentary democracy under republicanism.

[edit] The Portuguese Empire

Main article: Portuguese Empire

Through the times, the Kingdom of Portugal built what was known as the Portuguese Empire since 1415, traditionally referring to its vast colonies, the largest of which was Brazil (established in 1500 and an independent country since 1822). The remaining empire passed under control of the Portuguese Republic until the late 20th century, when the last overseas territories of Portugal were handed over (most notably Portuguese Africa, which included the overseas provinces of Angola and Mozambique, in 1975, and finally Macau in 1999).