Johann Caspar Horner

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Johann Caspar Horner making the first demonstration of a Western hot air balloon, in March 1805 in Umegasaki.^[1]

Johann Caspar Horner (1734–1834), was a Swiss physicist and astronomer.

In 1805 Johann Caspar Horner visited Japan with the Prussian Georg Heinrich von Langsdorff, as a scientist to the Kruzenshtern mission that also brought the Russian ambassador Nikolai Rezanov to Japan.

Horner made a hot air balloon out of Japanese paper (washi), and made a demonstration in front of about 30 Japanese delegates.^[2]^[3] This followed the first flight of a hot air balloon by the brothers Montgolfier in France in 1783.

[edit] Books and publications

Otto von Kotzebue, Ivan Fedorovīch Kruzenshtern, Johann Caspar Horner, Johann Friedrich Eschscholtz, Adelbert von Chamisso (1821) A voyage of discovery into the South Sea and Beering's [sic] Straits, for the purpose of exploring a north-east passage. undertaken in the years 1815-1818, at the expense of His Highness the chancellor of the empire, Count Romanzoff, in the ship Rurick, under the command of the lieutenant in the Russian Imperial Navy, Otto von Kotzebue.
Johann Caspar Horner (1822) Remarks on the specific gravity of sea-water in different latitudes, and on the temperature of the ocean at different depths
Elisabeth Schoeck-Grüebler, Johann Caspar Horner, Felix Donat Kyd (1831-1834) Der freundeidgenössische Rechenschieber : der Briefwechsel zwischen Felix Donat Kyd aus Brunnen und Hofrat Johann Caspar Horner aus Zürich
Jürgen W Koch; Johann Caspar Horner; Johann Georg Repsold, Der Briefwechsel zwischen Johann Caspar Horner und Johann Georg Repsold : kommentierte Übertragung der Brieftexte

[edit] Notes

^ Polak, 2005, p.78
^ Ivan Federovich Kruzenshtern. “Voyage round the world in the years 1803, 1804, 1805 and 1806, on orders of his Imperial Majesty Alexander the First, on the vessels Nadezhda and Neva”.
^ Polak 2005, p.78

[edit] References

Polak, Christian (2005) Sabre et pinceau. Par d'autre Francais au Japon. 1872-1960, 筆と刀・日本の中のもうひとつのフランス（１８７２－１９６０）, (French and Japanese), Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie Française du Japon, Hachette Fujingaho.