Japanese in Hawaii

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The Japanese in Hawaii are one of the major and most influential ethnic groups in Hawaii. At one time they constituted 40% of Hawaii's population. They now number about 16.7% of the islands' population, according to the 2000 U.S. Census. (The U.S. Census separately categorizes mixed-race individuals, so the proportion of people with some Japanese ancestry is likely much larger.)^[1] The Japanese enjoy continued economic and political influence in the islands.^{[citation needed]}

The first Japanese immigrants arrived in Hawaii in 1906 as contract laborers for the sugar cane and pineapple plantations.^[2] In the 1890s, worrying about the increasing Americanization of their US-born children, they set up the first Japanese schools in the United States. By 1920, 98% of all Japanese children in Hawaii attended Japanese schools. Statistics for 1934 showed 183 schools taught a total of 41,192 students.^[3][4][5]

Contents 1 See also 2 References 2.1 Notes 2.2 Sources

[edit] See also

• Japanese American
• Japanese American internment
• Nisei Japanese American
• Issei Japanese American

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[edit] References

[edit] Notes

[edit] Sources

• Asato, Noriko (September 2005). Teaching Mikadoism: The Attack on Japanese Language Schools in Hawaii, California, and Washington, 1919-1927. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. 
• Morimoto, Toyotomi (1997). Japanese Americans and Cultural Continuity: Maintaining Language through Heritage (Garland Reference Library of Social Science). United Kingdom: Routledge. 
• Takagi, Mariko (1987). Moral Education in Pre-War Japanese Language Schools in Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. 
• Harada, Koichi Glenn (1934). A Survey of the Japanese Language Schools in Hawaii. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. 
• United States Census 2000. United States Census Bureau (April 2000). Retrieved on 2007-03-16.