User:Itpastorn/dko/ccna1-3.1-1
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Introduction to Networking
Overview CCNA 1 - Module 1 (3.1)
- Understand the physical connections needed for a computer to connect to the Internet
- Recognize the components of a computer
- Install and troubleshoot NICs and modems
- Configure the set of Networking protocols needed for Internet connection
- Use basic procedures to test an Internet connection
- Demonstrate a basic ability to use Web browsers and plug-ins
In this module one only needs cursory knowledge. In-depth knowledge is saved for later.
[edit] Introduction to Networking
[edit] Requirements for Internet connection
- Physical connection
- Logical connection
- Applications.
"A protocol is a formal description of a set of rules and conventions that govern how devices on a network communicate."
[edit] PC Basics
- Transistor
- Integrated circuit
- Resistor
- Capacitor
- Connector (Swedish: "kontakt")
- Light emitting diode (LED)
- Printed circuit board (PCB) (Swedish: "Kretskort"
- CD-ROM, DVD, Blueray, (HD-DVD)
- Central processing unit (CPU)
- Floppy disk drive
- Hard disk drive
- Microprocessor – "purpose-designed silicon chip" - "Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI)" - "A microprocessor contains a CPU"
- Motherboard
- Bus (computing)
- Random-access memory (RAM)
- Read-only memory (ROM)
- System unit
- Expansion slot
- Power supply
Backplane components:
- Backplane
- Network interface card (NIC)
- Video card
- Audio card
- Parallel port
- Serial port
- Mouse port
- USB
- Firewire
[edit] Network interface card
"The NIC uses an interrupt request (IRQ), an input/output (I/O) address, and upper memory space to work with the operating system."
Considerations:
- Protocols – Speed of Ethernet ( Token Ring, or FDDI )
- Types of media – Twisted-pair, coaxial, wireless, or fiber-optic
- Type of system bus – PCI, PCI Express (or ISA, EISA or MCA)
[edit] NIC and modem installation
[edit] Overview of high-speed and dial-up connectivity
- The 1969s: 300 bps modems to connect dumb terminals to mainframe computers
- The 1970s: Bulletin Board Systems appear
- The 1980s: BBS's become popular. 9600 bps. Fax-modems are introduced. Fidonet.
- The 1990s: Modems reach 56 kbps. ISDN and DSL, Cable modems are introduced.
[edit] TCP/IP description and configuration
"TCP/IP is a set of protocols or rules that have been developed to allow computers to share resources across a network."
[edit] Testing connectivity with ping
- Ping 127.0.0.1
- Ping IP address of host computer
- Ping default-gateway IP address
- Ping remote destination IP address
- Broadcast ping
- tracert/traceroute
[edit] Web browser and plug-ins
- Netscape Navigator
- Internet Explorer
- Opera
- Firefox and SeaMonkey, from Mozilla Foundation, based on the Gecko layout engine
- Konqueror, based on KHTML (might switch in the future to Webkit)
- Safari (web browser), based on Webkit (a fork of KHTML)
Popular plug-ins
[edit] Troubleshooting Internet connection problems
(Lab)
[edit] Network Math
[edit] Binary presentation of data
In Swedish: Teckenkodning på webben (screencast)
[edit] Bits and bytes
Prefixes
Units
- Byte or octet
- Nibble, 4 bits, can be represented by one hexadecimal character
- Bit
- Character (may be one or more bytes depending upon the Character encoding)
[edit] Base 10 number system
[edit] Base 2 number system
[edit] Converting decimal numbers to 8-bit binary numbers
[edit] Converting 8-bit binary numbers to decimal numbers
[edit] Four-octet dotted decimal representation of 32-bit binary numbers
[edit] Hexadecimal
[edit] Boolean or binary logic
- Logic gates
- Not
- And
- Or
[edit] IP addresses and network masks
Network address vz. host address
[edit] Extra topics (in addition to CCNA)
[edit] Additional resorces (besides Wikipedia)
- What is a Network Interface Card at Learn Networking
- What is a modem at Learn Networking
- A Guide To Network Math at Learn Networking
- Module 1 exam solutions at Learn Networking
