Iodine pentafluoride
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| Iodine pentafluoride | |
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| IUPAC name | iodine(V) fluoride |
| Other names | iodine pentafluoride |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [7783-66-6] |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | IF5 |
| Molar mass | 221.89 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | pale yellow liquid |
| Density | 3.250 g cm−3 liquid |
| Melting point |
9.43°C (282.58 K) |
| Boiling point |
97.85°C (371.00 K) |
| Structure | |
| Crystal structure | monoclinic point group C2/c |
| Coordination geometry |
tetragonal-pyramidal |
| Molecular shape | tetragonal-pyramidal[1] |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Main hazards | toxic, oxidizer, corrosive |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds | Iodine heptafluoride, Chlorine pentafluoride, Bromine pentafluoride |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Iodine pentafluoride, IF5, is a fluoride of iodine. It is a colourless or yellow liquid with a density of 3250 kg m−3. It was first synthesized by Henri Moissan in 1891 by burning solid iodine in fluorine gas.[2] This exothermic reaction is still used to produce iodine pentafluoride, although the reaction conditions have been improved.[3][4]
- I2 + 5 F2 → 2 IF5
[edit] Chemistry
Iodine pentafluoride is a strong fluorination agent and is highly oxidative. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrofluoric acid.
Primary amines react with iodine pentafluoride forming nitriles after hydrolysis with water.[5]
- R-CH2-NH2 → R-CN
[edit] References
- ^ R. D. Durbank, G. R. Jones (1974). "Crystal structure of iodine pentafluoride at -80.deg.". Inorganic Chemistry 13 (5): 421–439. doi:.
- ^ M. H. Moissan (1891). "Nouvelles Recherches sur le Fluor". Annales de chimie et de physique 6: 224–282.
- ^ Otto Ruff , Keim R. (1930). ""Das Jod-7-fluorid" (The iodine-7-fluoride)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 193 (1/2): 176–186. doi:.
- ^ Ruff O., Keim R. (1931). "Fluorierung von Verbindungen des Kohlenstoffs (Benzol und Tetrachlormethan mit Jod-5-fluorid, sowie Tetrachlormethan mit Fluor)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische un Allgemeine Chemie 201 (1): 245–258. doi:.
- ^ T. E. Stevens (1966). "Rearrangement of Amides with Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of Organic Chemistry 31 (6): 2025–2026. doi:.
- R. C. Lord, M. A. Lynch, W. C. Schumb, and E. J. Slowinski (1950). "The Vibrational Spectra and Structures of Iodine Pentafluoride and Heptafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 72 (1): 522–527. doi:.
- Max T. Rogers, John L. Speirs, H. Bradford Thompson, and Morton B. Panish (1954). "Iodine Pentafluoride, Freezing and Boiling Point, Heat of Vaporization and Vapor Pressure-Temperature Relations". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4843–4844. doi:.
- Max T. Rogers, H. Bradford Thompson, and John L. Speirs (1954). "Dielectric Constants of Liquid Chlorine Trifluoride and Iodine Pentafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society 76 (19): 4841–4843. doi:.
- Harold Simmons Booth, John Turner Pinkston, , Jr. (1947). "The Halogen Fluorides.". Chemical Reviews 41 (3): 421–439. doi:.
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