IFPI

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The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) is the organization that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide. Its secretariat is based in London, UK.

It represents more than 1,450 record companies, large and small, in 75 different countries. Its stated policies are to fight copyright infringement; promote industry-friendly[opinion needs balancing] copyright laws; and lobby for legal conditions believed to be in the interest of recording companies, including DRM.[citation needed]

The chief executive and chairman of IFPI is John Kennedy OBE, who has worked in the industry for more than 30 years and was one of the co-producers of Live Aid and Live8.

In addition to its international secretariat, IFPI has regional offices in Brussels, Hong Kong, Miami, Athens and Moscow.

IFPI recognises 48 affiliate groups, including BPI (British Phonographic Industry), RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America), ARIA (Australian Recording Industry Association), and CAPIF (Argentine Chamber of Phonograms and Videograms Producers).

Any company, firm or person producing sound recordings or music videos which are made available to the public in reasonable quantities[clarify] is eligible for membership of IFPI. In those countries where there is a national group of IFPI or an affiliated organisation, potential members should first join the national body before seeking membership of IFPI.

Contents

[edit] History

The IFPI was formed in Rome in November 1933[1] to represent "the interests of the recording industry worldwide in all fora" [2] by promoting legislation and copyrights[3] "to protect the largely British-based recording industry" by promoting a global performance right in gramophone sound recordings.[4]

The IFPI heavily lobbied at the Rome Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations of 1961, which established an international standard for the protection of sound recordings. This Convention was opposed by trade groups representing authors and composers, who were concerned that establishing such "neighbouring rights" would undermine their own control over how their works were used and would result in prohibitively expensive licensing.[5] Pressure from broadcasters who didn't want to license the records they broadcast, among other factors, kept the U.S. from signing the Convention; the U.S. did not recognize a separate sound recording copyright until 1971.[6]

The IFPI then began a campaign against piracy. In 1971 it succeeded in advocating and obtaining the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms (the Geneva Phonograms Convention), which 72 countries signed.[7]

In 1994, in an effort to combat piracy, the IFPI and the compact disc manufacturing industry introduced Source Identification (SID) codes, which are markings on CD parts that identify the manufacturers, equipment, and master discs that were used to create each disc. SID codes are formatted as the letters "IFPI" followed by 4 or 5 hexadecimal digits.

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[edit] Domain incident

In mid-October 2007, after the IFPI let the ifpi.com domain registration lapse, ownership of the ifpi.com domain was transferred to The Pirate Bay, a pro-piracy group which claimed it received the domain from an anonymous donor.[8] The group set up a Web site under the domain titled "International Federation of Pirates Interests," a replacement backronym for IFPI. Ownership of the domain was returned to the IFPI in late November, when a WIPO arbitration panel concluded that "the Disputed Domain Name is identical or confusingly similar to a trademark in which the [IFPI] has rights" and that the Pirate Bay's representative "registered and [was] using the Disputed Domain Name in bad faith" and failed to adequately rebut the IFPI's contention that he "has no rights or a legitimate interest in the Disputed Domain Name."[9]

[edit] OiNK.cd incident

On October 23, 2007, the torrent website OiNK.cd was shut down. The website showed a message telling of an investigation of OiNK.cd by the IFPI, BPI, Cleveland Police, and the FIOD ECD into "suspected illegal music distribution".[10]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Yearbook of International Organizations 2001/2002, Saur München, 2001, p. 1503, ISBN 3598239947 
  2. ^ Drahos, Peter & Braithwaite, John (2002), Information Feudalism: Who Owns The Knowledge Economy?, Earthscan, pp. 181–182, ISBN 1853839175  "The key actor in coordinating the industry's piracy strategy became its international trade association, the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Formed in 1933, its mission was to represent 'the interests of the recording industry worldwide in all fora' (IFPI interview, 1993)."
  3. ^ Davies, Gillian (May 1984), Oral History of Recorded Sound (Abstract), British Library National Sound Archive, <http://sounds.bl.uk/View.aspx?item=021M-C0090X0050XX-0100V0.xml>. Retrieved on 10 April 2008  "IFPI founded in 1933 to deal with [r]ecord industry at inter-governmental level; promoting legislation; copyrights for industry worldwide." Davies was an associate director and chief legal counsel to the IFPI.
  4. ^ Frith, Simon (January 1988), Copyright and the music business, vol. 7, pp. 57, <http://www.jstor.org/pss/853076>  "IFPI was founded in 1933, in its own words, 'to protect the largely British-based recording industry', but, as Gavin McFarlane points out, its brief was more specifically 'to promote on a world-wide basis the performing right in gramophone records'…"
  5. ^ Drahos & Braithwaite 2002, pg. 181: "Authors and composers became increasingly worried by copyright's technological turn. They saw it as compromising the artistic purity of copyright. At a more practical level, authors were worried that the recognition of a 'neighbouring right' in the form of a sound recording would undermine their control over the use of works as well as add to users' costs. Users would now have to pay additional licence fees to producers of sound recordings. It was the resistance of key author associations that helps to explain why it took more than 30 years for an international standard for the protection of sound recordings to emerge in the form of the Rome Convention of 1961."
  6. ^ Drahos & Braithwaite 2002, pg. 181: "The US did not join the Rome Convention. Aside from some constitutional issues, powerful broadcasting organizations in the US did not want to endanger a status quo in which they received records from the recording industry for free or at a discount. Domestically, the US did not recognize a separate copyright in sound recordings until 1971."
  7. ^ Drahos & Braithwaite 2002, pg. 181: "After its major lobbying effort on the Rome Convention [of 1961], IFPI began a campaign against piracy. It pushed for and obtained in 1971 the Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms against Unauthorized Duplication of their Phonograms."
  8. ^ Ernesto (2007-10-12). Anti-Piracy Organization Domain IFPI.com Now Owned by The Pirate Bay. TorrentFreak. Retrieved on 2008-04-10.
  9. ^ WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center Administrative Panel Decision: IFPI Secretariat, IFPI International Federation of the Phonographic Industry v. Peter Kopimi Sunde aka Brokep (Case No. D2007-1328) (2007-11-19). Retrieved on 2008-04-10.
  10. ^ Burton, Nigel (2007-10-14). Police release suspect in illegal music download investigation. The Northern Echo. Retrieved on 2008-04-10.

[edit] External links

v • d • e
International standard numbers and codes
standard registration authority
ISO 2108 International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
ISO 3297 International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
ISO 15706 International Standard Audiovisual Number (ISAN) ISAN-IA by ISO
ISO 15707 International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC) CISAC
ISO 10957 International Standard Music Number (ISMN)
ISO 3901 International Standard Recording Code (ISRC) IFPI by ISO
DIS 21047 International Standard Text Code (ISTC)
Project 27729 International Standard Party Identifier (ISPI)
CAE/IPI SUISA by CISAC
related topics
Performance rights organisation BIEM