Homoaconitate hydratase

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In enzymology, a homoaconitate hydratase (EC 4.2.1.36) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

(1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate $\rightleftharpoons$ (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + H₂O

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate, and two products, (Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate and H₂O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase [(Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate-forming]. Other names in common use include homoaconitase, cis-homoaconitase, HACN, Lys4, LysF, and 2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate hydro-lyase (incorrect). This enzyme participates in lysine biosynthesis.

[edit] References

IUBMB entry for 4.2.1.36
BRENDA references for 4.2.1.36 (Recommended.)
PubMed references for 4.2.1.36
PubMed Central references for 4.2.1.36
Google Scholar references for 4.2.1.36
Strassman M, Ceci LN (1966). "Enzymatic formation of cis-homoaconitic acid, an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis in yeast". J. Biol. Chem. 241: 5401–7. PMID 5954805.
Jia Y, Tomita T, Yamauchi K, Nishiyama M, Palmer DR (2006). "Kinetics and product analysis of the reaction catalysed by recombinant homoaconitase from Thermus thermophilus". Biochem. J. 396: 479–85. PMID 16524361.
Zabriskie TM, Jackson MD (2000). "Lysine biosynthesis and metabolism in fungi". Nat. Prod. Rep. 17: 85–97. PMID 10714900.