Henry III of Castile

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Henry III (October 4, 1379–1406), sometimes known as Henry the Sufferer or Henry the Infirm (Spanish: Enrique el Doliente) was the son of John I and Eleanor of Aragon, and succeeded him as King of Castile and León in 1390.

Castilian and Leonese royalty
House of Trastámara

Henry II and I of Leon Children include    John I    Eleanor, Queen of Navarre John I Children include    Henry III of Castile and II of Leon)    Ferdinand I of Aragon, Valencia and Sicily Henry III and II of Leon Children include    John II    Maria, Queen of Aragon, Valencia, Sicily and Naples John II Children include    Henry IV of Castile and III of Leon    Isabella I    Alfonso, Prince of Asturias Henry IV and III of Leon Children    Joan, Queen of Portugal Isabella I with Ferdinand V Children    Isabella, Queen of Portugal    Juan, Prince of Asturias    Joanna I    Maria, Queen of Portugal    Catherine, Queen of England Grandchildren include    Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal and Spain Joanna with Philip I Children    Eleanor, Queen of Portugal and France    Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor    Isabella, Queen of Denmark and Norway    Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor    Mary, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia    Catherine, Queen of Portugal

Henry was born in Burgos, the capital of Castile. Before becoming king, he was known by the title Prince of Asturias, designating him as the heir apparent. After succeeding to the throne at 11, Henry took power at 14. He was able to pacify the nobility and restore royal power. During his reign, the Castilian fleet won several victories against the English; Henry sent a naval fleet in 1400 that destroyed Tétouan in North Africa, a pirate base. In 1402, Henry began the colonization of the Canary Islands, sending French explorer Jean de Béthencourt. He also sent envoys to Timur.

In 1388, Henry married Katherine of Lancaster (Catalina de Lancaster; 1372–1418), the daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster and Gaunt's second wife, Constance of Castile, who was the elder daughter of Pedro of Castile. This ended a dynastic conflict and solidified the House of Trastamara. Henry and Catherine's son became John II of Castile, who succeeded Henry when he died in Toledo, Catherine acting as Regent of Castile because John II was then underage.

[edit] Ancestry

Henry's ancestors in three generations

Henry III of Castile	Father: John I of Castile	Paternal Grandfather: Henry II of Castile	Paternal Great-grandfather: Alfonso XI of Castile
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Eleanor of Guzman
		Paternal Grandmother: Juana Manuel of Castile	Paternal Great-grandfather: Juan Manuel, Duke of Peñafiel
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Blanca de La Cerda y Lara
	Mother: Eleanor of Aragon	Maternal Grandfather: Peter IV of Aragon	Maternal Great-grandfather: Alfonso IV of Aragon
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Teresa d'Entença
		Maternal Grandmother: Eleanor of Sicily	Maternal Great-grandfather: Peter II of Sicily
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Elisabeth of Carinthia

[edit] Children

All of them by his wife Catherine of Lancaster:

• Catalina (1402-?)
• John II of Castile
• Maria of Castile. Married Alfonso V of Aragon.

Henry III of Castile House of Trastámara Born: 4 October 1379 Died: 1406
Preceded by John I	King of Castile and León 1390-1406	Succeeded by John II
New title	Prince of Asturias 1388-1390	Vacant Title next held by John II