User:Geronimo20/Sandbox/sources

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MISC



NEW ZEALAND



MINESWEEPERS

Trawlers were useful vessels mainly employed on minesweeping and anti-submarine patrol duties. Their tonnage ranged from 134 to 700 with a speed from 10.5 to 12.5 knots. Between 1928 and 1940 one hundred and sixteen were launched. Sixty seven were purchased at the outbreak of WW2. Most of them were armed with one 4 inch gun. Thier service was of great importance and value with the trawler "Moonstone" of 615 tons having the distinction of capturing an Italian submarine. In 1942 The Royal Canadian Navy was known to have five trawlers. The Royal New Zealand Navy construction included thirteen of these vessels and the Royal Indian Navy seven of them.

The naval trawler is a concept for expeditiously converting a nation's fishing boats and fishermen to military assets. England used trawlers to maintain control of seaward approaches to major harbors. No one knew these waters as well as local fishermen, and the trawler was the ship type these fishermen understood and could operate effectively without further instruction. The Royal Navy maintained a small inventory of trawlers in peacetime, but requisitioned much larger numbers of civilian trawlers in wartime. The larger and newer trawlers and whalers were converted for antisubmarine use and the older and smaller trawlers were converted to minesweepers.




NEW ZEALAND MINESWEEPERS




AUSTRALIA MINESWEEPERS



AUSTRALIA




SOURCES



MA/SB



ELCO, SUTPHEN AND THE SUBMARINE CHASERS


THE FIRST US NAVY PT BOAT (#9) ARRIVED IN NY from Great Britain two days after World War II had started. It had been purchassed there from Great Britain two days after World War II had started by Henry R Sutphen, executive vice president of the Electric Boat Company which had its Elco Naval Division in Bayonne, NJ. Sutphen used his British-purchased boat as the model for the hundreds of others made at the Bayonne facility. The navy took delivery of this original boat from Elco in June 1940 and designated it PT-9. By the time Pearl Harbour was attached several companies were offering designs in what were unofficially called the "Plywood Derby's of 1941". The most famous of all Elco boats was future Predident John F Kennedy's PT-109. Pound for pound the most heavily-armed vessels min the US Navy were the deadly and highly maneuverable PT boats. [1]

  1. ^ [http://books.google.com/books?id=VTxNNAzuQC0C&pg=PA199&lpg=PA199&dq=%22henry+r+sutphen%22&source=web&ots=9zKsKNXEnb&sig=VHddj--xCf3zwFHgBUStjs2EDco Pearl Harbor Amazing Facts! - by Timothy B. Benford, 2001 ISBN 978-0971056008


ALBERT HICKMAN AND THE SEA SLEDGE





NZ COASTAL FORCES



AU COASTAL FORCES


UK COASTAL FORCES


CA COASTAL FORCES



US COASTAL FORCES (and history)



ELCO


DATABASES / REFERENCE


Steam Gun Boat SGB


COASTAL FORCES

A huge number of small vessels were built for or pressed into service with the Royal navy in WW2. We have adopted the definition of "Coastal Forces" as those craft that came under the command of Rear Admiral Coastal Forces. These include Motor Torpedo Boats, Motor Anti-Submarine Boats, Motor Gun Boats, Motor Launches and Steam Gun Boats. Also included are the post war Fast Patrol Boats and Fast Training Boats.

(Motor Minesweepers, Coastal Minesweepers, Inshore Minesweepers, Motor Fishing Vessels, Landing Craft, trawlers and Torpedo Boats of 1877-1909 currently fall outside our scope of activity).[1]

During both World Wars in order to rapidly build up numbers, all sides created auxiliary patrol boats by arming motor boats and sea going fishing boats with machine guns and obsolescent naval weapons. Some modern patrol vessels are still based on fishing and leisure boats. - from Patrol boat




BOOKS



MINESWEEPERS


RNZN / RAN COMPARISON