Gap-43 protein

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Growth associated protein 43

Identifiers

GAP43; B-50; PP46

External IDs

OMIM: 162060 MGI: 95639 HomoloGene: 1545

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• calmodulin binding
Cellular Component:	• plasma membrane • axon
Biological Process:	• regulation of cell growth • protein kinase C activation • multicellular organismal development • nervous system development • response to wounding • glial cell differentiation • regulation of growth • cell fate commitment

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_002045 (mRNA)
NP_002036 (protein)

XM_994895 (mRNA)
XP_999989 (protein)

Location

Chr 3: 116.82 - 116.92 Mb

Chr 16: 42.17 - 42.26 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Gap-43, Growth Associated Protein 43 is a nervous tissue-specific cell membrane glycoprotein. It is a protein kinase C (PKC) substrate that is considered to play a major role in neurite formation, regeneration, and plasticity.

The protein encoded by this gene has been termed a 'growth' or 'plasticity' protein because it is expressed at high levels in neuronal growth cones during development and axonal regeneration. This encoded protein is considered a crucial component of an effective regenerative response in the nervous system.^[1]

Gap-43 is also referred to as:

protein F1
neuromodulin
neural phosphoprotein B-50
axonal membrane protein GAP-43
calmodulin-binding protein P-57
nerve growth-related peptide GAP43
neuron growth-associated protein 43

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: GAP43 growth associated protein 43.

[edit] Further reading

Fantini F, Johansson O (1993). "Expression of growth-associated protein 43 and nerve growth factor receptor in human skin: a comparative immunohistochemical investigation.". J. Invest. Dermatol. 99 (6): 734–42. PMID 1281863.
Mercken M, Lübke U, Vandermeeren M, et al. (1992). "Immunocytochemical detection of the growth-associated protein B-50 by newly characterized monoclonal antibodies in human brain and muscle.". J. Neurobiol. 23 (3): 309–21. doi:10.1002/neu.480230310. PMID 1385623.
Spencer SA, Schuh SM, Liu WS, Willard MB (1992). "GAP-43, a protein associated with axon growth, is phosphorylated at three sites in cultured neurons and rat brain.". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (13): 9059–64. PMID 1533624.
Apel ED, Litchfield DW, Clark RH, et al. (1991). "Phosphorylation of neuromodulin (GAP-43) by casein kinase II. Identification of phosphorylation sites and regulation by calmodulin.". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (16): 10544–51. PMID 1828073.
Apel ED, Byford MF, Au D, et al. (1990). "Identification of the protein kinase C phosphorylation site in neuromodulin.". Biochemistry 29 (9): 2330–5. PMID 2140056.
Kosik KS, Orecchio LD, Bruns GA, et al. (1990). "Human GAP-43: its deduced amino acid sequence and chromosomal localization in mouse and human.". Neuron 1 (2): 127–32. PMID 3272162.
Ng SC, de la Monte SM, Conboy GL, et al. (1990). "Cloning of human GAP-43: growth association and ischemic resurgence.". Neuron 1 (2): 133–9. PMID 3272163.
Nielander HB, De Groen PC, Eggen BJ, et al. (1993). "Structure of the human gene for the neural phosphoprotein B-50 (GAP-43).". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 19 (4): 293–302. PMID 8231732.
Oehrlein SA, Parker PJ, Herget T (1996). "Phosphorylation of GAP-43 (growth-associated protein of 43 kDa) by conventional, novel and atypical isotypes of the protein kinase C gene family: differences between oligopeptide and polypeptide phosphorylation.". Biochem. J. 317 ( Pt 1): 219–24. PMID 8694767.
Kanazir S, Ruzdijic S, Vukosavic S, et al. (1997). "GAP-43 mRNA expression in early development of human nervous system.". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 38 (1): 145–55. PMID 8737678.
de Groen PC, Eggen BJ, Gispen WH, et al. (1996). "Cloning and promoter analysis of the human B-50/GAP-43 gene.". J. Mol. Neurosci. 6 (2): 109–19. PMID 8746449.
Chao S, Benowitz LI, Krainc D, Irwin N (1997). "Use of a two-hybrid system to investigate molecular interactions of GAP-43.". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 40 (2): 195–202. PMID 8872303.
Gamby C, Waage MC, Allen RG, Baizer L (1996). "Analysis of the role of calmodulin binding and sequestration in neuromodulin (GAP-43) function.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (43): 26698–705. PMID 8900147.
Heuss D, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U (1998). "Subcellular localization of phosphoprotein B-50 in regenerating muscle. An immuno-electron microscopic study.". Neurol. Res. 20 (4): 360–4. PMID 9618702.
Neve RL, Coopersmith R, McPhie DL, et al. (1998). "The neuronal growth-associated protein GAP-43 interacts with rabaptin-5 and participates in endocytosis.". J. Neurosci. 18 (19): 7757–67. PMID 9742146.
Arni S, Keilbaugh SA, Ostermeyer AG, Brown DA (1998). "Association of GAP-43 with detergent-resistant membranes requires two palmitoylated cysteine residues.". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (43): 28478–85. PMID 9774477.
Eastwood SL, Harrison PJ (1999). "Hippocampal and cortical growth-associated protein-43 messenger RNA in schizophrenia.". Neuroscience 86 (2): 437–48. PMID 9881859.
Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, et al. (1999). "Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes.". Nat. Genet. 22 (3): 231–8. doi:10.1038/10290. PMID 10391209.
Riederer BM, Routtenberg A (1999). "Can GAP-43 interact with brain spectrin?". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 71 (2): 345–8. PMID 10521589.
Vento P, Soinila S (1999). "Quantitative comparison of growth-associated protein GAP-43, neuron-specific enolase, and protein gene product 9.5 as neuronal markers in mature human intestine.". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 47 (11): 1405–16. PMID 10544214.