Template:Functional Group Portal

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Chemical class Group Formula Structural Formula Prefix Suffix Example
Acyl halide Haloformyl RCOX Acyl halide haloformyl- -oyl halide Acetyl chloride
Acetyl chloride
(Ethanoyl chloride)
Alcohol Hydroxyl ROH Hydroxyl hydroxy- -ol methanol
Methanol
Aldehyde Aldehyde RCHO Aldehyde oxo- -al acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
(Ethanal)
Alkane Alkyl RH Alkyl alkyl- -ane Image:Methane-2D-stereo.png
Methane
Alkene Alkenyl R2C=CR2 Alkene alkenyl- -ene ethylene
Ethylene
(Ethene)
Alkyne Alkynyl RC≡CR' Alkyne alkynyl- -yne acetylene
Acetylene
(Ethyne)
Amide Carboxamide RCONR2 Amide carboxamido- -amide acetamide
Acetamide
(Ethanamide)
Amines Primary amine RNH2 Primary amine amino- -amine methylamine
Methylamine
(Methanamine)
Secondary amine R2NH Secondary amine amino- -amine dimethylamine
Dimethylamine
Tertiary amine R3N Tertiary amine amino- -amine trimethylamine
Trimethylamine
4° ammonium ion R4N+ Quaternary ammonium cation ammonio- -ammonium choline
Choline
Azide Azide RN3 Organoazide azido- alkyl azide Phenyl azide
Phenyl azide
(Azidobenzene)
Azo compound Azo
(Diimide)		 RN2R' Azo.pngl azo- -diazene Methyl orange
Methyl orange
(p-dimethylamino-azobenzenesulfonic acid)
Toluene derivative Benzyl RCH2C6H5
RBn		 Benzyl benzyl- 1-(substituent)toluene Benzyl bromide
Benzyl bromide
(1-Bromotoluene)
Carbonate Carbonate ester ROCOOR Carbonate alkyl carbonate
Carboxylate Carboxylate RCOO− Carboxylate

Carboxylate

 carboxy- -oate Sodium acetate
Sodium acetate
(Sodium ethanoate)
Carboxylic acid Carboxyl RCOOH Carboxylic acid carboxy- -oic acid Acetic acid
Acetic acid
(Ethanoic acid)
Cyanates Cyanate ROCN Cyanate cyanato- alkyl cyanate
Thiocyanate RSCN Thiocyanate thiocyanato- alkyl thiocyanate
Ether Ether ROR' Ether alkoxy- alkyl alkyl ether Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether
(Ethoxyethane)
Ester Ester RCOOR' Ester alkyl alkanoate Ethyl butyrate
Ethyl butyrate
(Ethyl butanoate)
Haloalkane Halo RX Halide group halo- alkyl halide Chloroethane
Chloroethane
(Ethyl chloride)
Hydroperoxide Hydroperoxy ROOH Hydroperoxy hydroperoxy- alkyl hydroperoxide Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
Imine Primary ketimine RC(=NH)R' Imine imino- -imine
Secondary ketimine RC(=NR)R' Imine imino- -imine
Primary aldimine RC(=NH)H Imine imino- -imine
Secondary aldimine RC(=NR')H Imine imino- -imine
Isocyanide Isocyanide RNC Isocyanide isocyano- alkyl isocyanide
Isocyanates Isocyanate RNCO Isocyanate isocyanato- alkyl isocyanate Methyl isocyanate
Methyl isocyanate
Isothiocyanate RNCS Isothiocyanate isothiocyanato- alkyl isothiocyanate Allyl isothiocyanate
Allyl isothiocyanate
Ketone Carbonyl RCOR' Ketone keto-, oxo- -one Butanone
Methyl ethyl ketone
(Butanone)
Nitrate Nitrate RONO2 Nitrate nitrooxy-, nitroxy-

alkyl nitrate

 Amyl nitrate
Amyl nitrate
(1-nitrooxypentane)
Nitrile Nitrile RCN Nitrile cyano-

alkanenitrile
alkyl cyanide

 Benzonitrile
Benzonitrile
(Phenyl cyanide)
Nitrite Nitrosooxy RONO Nitrite nitrosooxy-

alkyl nitrite

 Amyl nitrite
Amyl nitrite
(3-methyl-1-nitrosooxybutane)
Nitro compound Nitro RNO2 Nitro nitro-   Nitromethane
Nitromethane
Nitroso compound Nitroso RNO Image:Nitroso-group.png nitroso-   Nitrosobenzene
Nitrosobenzene
Peroxide Peroxy ROOR Peroxy peroxy- alkyl peroxide Di-tert-butyl peroxide
Di-tert-butyl peroxide
Benzene derivative Phenyl RC6H5 Phenyl phenyl- -benzene Cumene
Cumene
(2-phenylpropane)
Phosphine Phosphino R3P A tertiary phosphine phosphino- -phosphane Methylpropylphosphane
Methylpropylphosphane
Phosphodiester Phosphate HOPO(OR)2 Phosphodiester phosphoric acid di(substituent) ester di(substituent) hydrogenphosphate DNA
Phosphonic acid Phosphono RP(=O)(OH)2 Phosphono group phosphono- substituent phosphonic acid Benzylphosphonic acid
Benzylphosphonic acid
Phosphate Phosphate ROP(=O)(OH)2 Phosphate group phospho- Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Pyridine derivative Pyridyl RC5H4N

4-pyridyl group
3-pyridyl group
2-pyridyl group

4-pyridyl
(pyridin-4-yl)

3-pyridyl
(pyridin-3-yl)

2-pyridyl
(pyridin-2-yl)

 -pyridine Nicotine
Nicotine
Sulfide RSR' Sulfide group di(substituent) sulfide Dimethyl sulfide
Dimethyl sulfide
Sulfone Sulfonyl RSO2R' Sulfonyl group sulfonyl- di(substituent) sulfone Dimethyl sulfone
Dimethyl sulfone
(Methylsulfonylmethane)
Sulfonic acid Sulfo RSO3H Sulfonyl group sulfo- substituent sulfonic acid Benzenesulfonic acid
Benzenesulfonic acid
Sulfoxide Sulfinyl RSOR' Sulfinyl group sulfinyl- di(substituent) sulfoxide Diphenyl sulfoxide
Diphenyl sulfoxide
Thiol Sulfhydryl RSH Sulfhydryl mercapto-, sulfanyl- -thiol Ethanethiol
Ethanethiol
(Ethyl mercaptan)