Flag of Arkansas

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Flag of Arkansas
Flag of Arkansas

The flag of the U.S. state of Arkansas is a red field charged with a large blue-bordered white diamond. Twenty-nine five-pointed stars appear on the flag: twenty-five small white stars within the blue border, and four larger blue stars in the white diamond. The inscription "ARKANSAS" appears in blue within the white diamond, with one star above and three stars below. The star above and the two outer stars below point upwards; the inner star below points downwards.

The design was created by Willie Kavanaugh Hocker of Wabbaseka from a field of sixty-five entries in a 1912 contest.

Contents

[edit] Symbolism

The flag's elements have a complex symbolism. According to the 1987 state law defining the flag,[1] the diamond represents Arkansas' status as "the only diamond-bearing state in the Union". The number (25) of white stars around the border of the diamond represents Arkansas's position as the 25th state to join the union. The blue star above "ARKANSAS" represents the Confederate States of America, which Arkansas joined in secession. The number of stars (3) below "ARKANSAS" refers both to the three nations to which Arkansas has belonged (Spain, France, and the U.S) and Arkansas being the third state (after Louisiana and Missouri) formed within the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Of these three stars, the two outer, upward-pointing ones are considered "twin stars", representing the "twin states" of Arkansas and Michigan which were admitted as a slave state/free state pair in 1836/1837.[2]

[edit] History

Around 1912, the Pine Bluff chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) wished to present a state flag for the commissioning of the battleship USS Arkansas. When it was discovered that Arkansas did not have a state flag, the DAR chapter decided to sponsor a contest to design a flag. Hocker, a member of the Pine Bluff DAR chapter, won with a design that is similar to the current flag. She designed the flag with three blue stars in the middle of the white diamond and omitted "ARKANSAS". At the request of the flag committee, chaired by Secretary of State Earle Hodges, Hocker added "ARKANSAS" and rearranged the stars to one on top and two on bottom. This flag was adopted by the legislature on February 26, 1913.[3]

In 1923, the legislature added a fourth star, representing the Confederate States of America. This fourth star was originally placed so that there were two stars above the state name and two below; this was to include the Confederacy alongside Spain, France, and the United States. Since this disturbed the other two meanings of the original three stars, the legislature corrected this in 1924 by placing the Confederate star above "ARKANSAS" and the original three stars below it, as it is today.

[edit] Salute

The law defining the flag also defines a text to be used in saluting the flag: "I salute the Arkansas Flag with its diamond and stars. We pledge our loyalty to thee."

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Ark. Code Ann. (1987), Section 1–4–101; cited in B.F. Shearer and B.S. Shearer (2002), State Names, Seals, Flags, and Symbols, Greenwood Press, p. 54
  2. ^ The state law states erroneously that both were admitted June 15, 1836; actually, Michigan was admitted January 26, 1837.
  3. ^ http://www.sos.arkansas.gov/educational_ar_flag.html

[edit] External links

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