Talk:Exit, Voice, and Loyalty

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No. There are not two main concepts, exit and voice. Hirschman has THREE: exit voice and loyalty. As the title og his book suggests, all three are equally vital. Loyalty is as the third alternative is needed to explain many outcomes, for example in dictatorships. While the article does discuss political implications it does not present loyalty as having the equal billing Hirschman gives it. It is wrong to suggest that loyalty is an add on. Loyalty, like exit and voice, is itself an overarching category that can represent either positive or negative phenomena. It is the context that determines whether it is positive or negative. As voice can be plea so can it be threat. As exit can be helpless flight or dignified retreat so can it be callous abandonment. Loyalty embraces every form for acceptance of the situation, including submission, and, as the article admits, loyalty can be and often is a response to extremely negative phenomena such oppression and fraud, as well as an expression of genuine approval and acceptance. Loyalty is the third leg of the stool and without it Hirschman's theory cannot stand.¨¨¨¨