Emily Carr

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Emily Carr

Emily Carr
Born December 13, 1871(1871-12-13)
Victoria, British Columbia
Died March 2, 1945 (aged 73)
Nationality Canadian
Field Painting, Writing
Training Westminster School of Art, Académie Colarossi
Movement Expressionism
Influenced by Fauvism, Impressionism

Emily Carr (December 13, 1871 – March 2, 1945) was a Canadian artist and writer heavily inspired by the First Nations communities of British Columbia.

Contents

[edit] Life and Work

[edit] Early Career

Emily Carr was born and raised in Victoria, British Columbia. After the death of her parents at age 18 in 1890, she moved to San Francisco to study art. In 1893 she returned to Victoria, establishing a studio in the family barn where she painted and offered children's art classes.[1] Four years later she travelled to England to enrich her studies, where she spent time at the Westminster School of Art in London but left due to an illness. Searching for a healthier climate, she proceeded to study at various studio schools in Cornwall, Bushey, Hertfordshire, San Francisco, and elsewhere. She returned to British Columbia in 1905. In 1910 , she spent a year studying art at the Académie Colarossi in Paris and elsewhere in France before moving back to British Columbia permanently in 1912.[2]

Emily Carr's Odds and Ends, c. 1937.
Emily Carr's Odds and Ends, c. 1937.

She was most heavily influenced by the landscape and First Nations cultures of British Columbia and Alaska. She was first inspired by the First Nations after a visit to a mission school beside the Nuu-chah-nulth community of Ucluelet in 1899.[3] Three years later, she was inspired by a visit to Skagway and began to paint the totem poles of the coastal Kwakwaka'wakw, Haida, Tsimshian, Tlingit and other communities, in an attempt to record and learn from as many as possible. In 1913 she was obliged by financial considerations to return permanently to Victoria after a few years in Vancouver. Influenced by styles such as Post-impressionism and Fauvism, her work was alien to those around her and remained unknown to and unrecognized by the greater art world for many years. For more than a decade she worked as a potter, dog breeder and boarding house landlady, having given up on her artistic career.

[edit] Mature Career and Professional Acclaim

In the 1920s she came into contact with members of the Group of Seven after being invited by Eric Brown, director of the National Gallery of Canada, to participate in an exhibition titled Canadian West Coast Art, Native and Modern. She traveled to Ontario for this show in 1927, where she met members of the Group, including Lawren Harris, whose support was invaluable. She was invited to submit her works for inclusion in a Group of Seven exhibition, the beginning of her long and valuable association with the Group. They named her 'The Mother of Modern Arts' around five years later.

Carr claimed that the Nuu-chah-nulth of Vancouver Island's west coast had nicknamed her Klee Wyck, "the laughing one." She gave this name to a book about her experiences with the natives, published in 1941. The book won the Governor General's Award that year.

In 1937 Carr was honoured with an exhibition at the Art Gallery of Ontario and in the following year she held a successful show at the Vancouver Art Gallery.[4]

[edit] Final years

Emily Carr's gravestone
Emily Carr's gravestone

A series of heart attacks in 1937 left Carr bedridden for the rest of her life. Unable to paint, Carr turned to writting for artistic expression.[5] She is interred in the Ross Bay Cemetery in Victoria, her gravestone inscription reads "Artist and Author / Lover of Nature". Under Canada's copyright laws, Carr's works became public domain at the beginning of 1996, 50 years after her death.

[edit] Written work

Her other titles were The Book of Small (1942),The House of All Sorts (1944), Growing Pains (1946), Pause and The Heart of a Peacock (1953), and in 1966, Hundreds and Thousands. They reveal her to be an accomplished writer. Though mostly autobiographical, they have been found to be unreliable as to facts and figures if not in terms of mood and intent.

[edit] Recognition

Schools named after Carr include:

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Reid, 156.
  2. ^ Reid, 156.
  3. ^ Reid, 157.
  4. ^ Reid, 164.
  5. ^ Reid, 163.

[edit] References

  • Newlands, Anne. (1996). Emily Carr: an Introduction to Her Life and Art. Ontario : Firefly Books/Bookmakers Press. ISBN 1552090450.
  • Reid, Dennis A Concise History of Canadian Painting 2nd Edition. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1988. ISBN 019540663X.
  • Shadbolt, Doris. (1990). Emily Carr. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre; Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0295970030.
  • Tippett, Maria. (1979). Emily Carr: a Biography. Toronto: Oxford Univ. Press. ISBN 0195403142.

[edit] External links

v • d • e
Group of Seven
Original members
Other members
See also