Template:Early computer characteristics
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| Name | First operational | Numeral system | Computing mechanism | Programming | Turing complete |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zuse Z3 (Germany) | May 1941 | Binary | Electro-mechanical | Program-controlled by punched film stock | Yes (1998) |
| Atanasoff–Berry Computer (USA) | Summer 1941 | Binary | Electronic | Not programmable—single purpose | No |
| Colossus (UK) | December 1943 | Binary | Electronic | Program-controlled by patch cables and switches | No |
| Harvard Mark I – IBM ASCC (USA) | 1944 | Decimal | Electro-mechanical | Program-controlled by 24-channel punched paper tape (but no conditional branch) | Yes (1998) |
| ENIAC (USA) | November 1945 | Decimal | Electronic | Program-controlled by patch cables and switches | Yes |
| Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (UK) | June 1948 | Binary | Electronic | Stored-program in Williams cathode ray tube memory | Yes |
| Modified ENIAC (USA) | September 1948 | Decimal | Electronic | Program-controlled by patch cables and switches plus a primitive read-only stored programming mechanism using the Function Tables as program ROM | Yes |
| EDSAC (UK) | May 1949 | Binary | Electronic | Stored-program in mercury delay line memory | Yes |
| Manchester Mark I (UK) | October 1949 | Binary | Electronic | Williams cathode ray tube memory and magnetic drum memory | Yes |
| CSIRAC (Australia) | November 1949 | Binary | Electronic | Stored-program in mercury delay line memory | Yes |
