Dan-Air Engineering

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Dan Air Engineering Limited was the maintenance arm of Dan Air Services Limited, one of Britain's foremost wholly privately owned, Independent airlines during the 1970s and '80s.

Dan-Air Engineering was established in 1954 at Lasham Airfield to maintain the fledgling airline's rapidly growing fleet as well as to cater to the maintenance requirements of third parties.

The organisation embarked on a major expansion during the 1970s, following the introduction of several new aircraft types into its sister airline's fleet. This led to the opening of a new maintenance base at Manchester.

Further expansion followed in the 1980s, leading to the opening of a new widebody-capable maintenance facility at Gatwick, its sister airline's main operational base.

Following its sister airline's adoption of a new corporate strategy at the beginning of the 1990s, which resulted in a simpler, less maintenance-intensive fleet mix, Dan-Air Engineering was put up for sale as its capacity exceeded the sister airline's maintenance requirements by 45%. [1]

FLS Aerospace acquired Dan-Air Engineering on February 28, 1991 for £27.5m. [2]

Contents

[edit] History

Dan-Air's growing and varied fleet necessitated the development of a comprehensive 'in-house' maintenance capability from the very beginning itself. This led to the establishment of sister company Dan-Air Engineering in 1954, the airline's second year of operation.

[edit] A new maintenance base

Following Dan-Air's acquisition of three Avro Yorks in 1954, the airline selected Lasham Airfield, an old RAF wartime airfield near the Northeast Hampshire town of Basingstoke, as its maintenance base due to the ample availability of hangar space. [3] (There was no space to maintain the fledgling company's fast-growing fleet at Blackbushe, its operational base at that time.)

At the time, Lasham Airfield was in excellent condition, featuring a newly resurfaced runway and a large, empty hangar. (The Air Ministry had decided to upgrade the airfield following the end of the Berlin Air Lift in preparation for further Cold War tensions.)

Eventually, Davies and Newman, the parent company of both the airline and its new engineering offshoot, managed to negotiate a 21-year lease of the airfield's maintenance facilities with the Air Ministry. [4]

[edit] Major expansion in the 1970s and early- to mid-1980s

Dan-Air Engineering's first phase of major expansion occurred at Lasham, following sister company Dan-Air's purchase of a pair of De Havilland Comet series 4 jetliners from BOAC in 1966. These aircraft were ferried from BOAC's Heathrow base to Lasham during the early summer of that year for conversion by Dan-Air Engineering from a 74-seat, low-density, two-class long-haul scheduled configuration into a 99-seat, high-density, single-class short- to medium-haul IT layout. [5] This conversion also involved structurally "reinforcing" the aircraft - including strengthening the cabin floor and the wing roots - as they were expected to perform many more takeoffs and landings after entering service with Dan-Air (compared with their original role at BOAC). Subsequently acquired, larger Comet series 4B and 4C aircraft underwent similar structural modifications to enable them to carry up to 119 passengers before entering service with sister airline Dan-Air.

Dan-Air's acquisition of its first two BAC One-Elevens from American Airlines in 1969 necessitated a major modification programme at Lasham before these aircraft could join the UK civil aircraft register as these were 400 series models that had been built to comply with US airworthiness requirements, which differed in several important aspects from the UK's airworthiness requirements. [6]

The introduction of Dan-Air's first American-built jet aircraft, an ex-Pan Am Boeing 707 320 series "Intercontinental", in 1971 eventually led to Dan-Air Engineering being granted "FAA Repair Station" status. This meant that it could perform maintenance, repair and overhaul tasks on aircraft that were on the US civil aircraft register and/or were governed by US airworthiness standards. [7]

By the mid-1970s Dan-Air Engineering's workforce had expanded to more than 800, the vast majority of whom were based at Lasham.

The continuing, rapid expansion of the Dan-Air fleet during the 1970s as well as growing third party work during that period resulted in the opening of Dan-Air Engineering's second maintenance base at Manchester Airport in 1976. The new Manchester base took over Lasham's maintenance of Dan-Air's One-Eleven and Hawker Siddeley 748 fleets. It also developed third party De Havilland Canada Dash 7 and McDonnell Douglas MD-80 maintenance capabilities, as a result of which Lasham began to specialise in the maintenance of all Boeing narrowbodied aircraft types. [8]

Eventually, Dan-Air Engineering became the second biggest employer at Manchester Airport (after the airport authority). [9]

Dan-Air had its entire 17-strong One-Eleven fleet hush-kitted at Dan-Air Engineering's Manchester base during 1985, completing the task ahead of British Caledonian, which had begun hush-kitting its One-Elevens before Dan-Air. [10]

By the mid-'80s, Dan-Air Engineering's total workforce had doubled to 1,600. (This was in addition to Dan-Air's 3,000-strong workforce at the time, resulting in a total employee strength of 4,600+ for the entire Davies and Newman group during that period.)

[edit] Further expansion in the late-1980s

In 1988 Dan-Air Engineering opened its third base at London Gatwick, its sister airline Dan-Air's main operational base. This new maintenance base featured Dan-Air Engineering's first and only widebody-capable hangar located at Gatwick Airport's northwest side. [11][1] Dan-Air Engineering's Gatwick hangar could handle all Western-built widebodied aircraft - including the Boeing 747, then the world's largest widebodied airliner in commercial airline service. [2]

Davies and Newman's decision to establish a new, widebody-capable maintenance facility operated by maintenance subsidiary Dan-Air Engineering at airline subsidiary Dan-Air's Gatwick base was taken in response to the following events:

  • Gatwick had experienced rapid growth since the late 1970s, with an increasing number of movements at the airport accounted for by widebodied aircraft, including those operated by US carriers on transatlantic scheduled services.
  • The collapse of Laker Airways, Gatwick's largest resident operator of widebodied equipment since the early '70s, during the early part of the 1980s had led to the concentration of all widebody-capable hangarage and associated maintenance capabilities in the hands of British Caledonian. British Caledonian was the airport's largest resident operator and its leading scheduled airline, which also happened to be the main transatlantic competitor of most of the Gatwick-based US carriers. The result was a shortage of independently owned/operated, widebody-capable maintenance facilities at Gatwick. (The "unease" of these US carriers at having to rely on widebody-capable maintenance facilities controlled by their main transatlantic competitor for their Gatwick operations grew when British Airways, a far bigger as well as operationally and financially stronger airline than British Caledonian, inherited these facilities as a result of its takeover of that airline during the latter part of the 1980s.)
  • Since the beginning of the 1980s Dan-Air itself had been looking at introducing aircraft that were more advanced and had a greater seating capacity than the Boeing 727-200 "Advanced", the largest contemporary aircraft in the airline's fleet, to combat rising jet fuel prices and to make the best use of Gatwick's increasingly scarce early morning peak time slots. This led to the evaluation of the Boeing 757 and several other state-of-the-art, high-capacity narrow- and widebodied aircraft types. That evaluation process resulted in the introduction of two 336-seat ex-Hapag Lloyd Airbus A300 B4 series widebodied aircraft into Dan-Air's fleet. [12] This, in turn, necessitated putting in place the maintenance infrastructure to support the operation of these new, larger aircraft at Gatwick.
  • Gatwick's increasingly tight slot situation from the second half of the 1980s onwards made frequent ferry flights to/from Lasham and Manchester to maintain Dan-Air's large, Gatwick-based narrowbodied fleet less and less feasible as each movement accounted for by a non-revenue flight represented a lost commercial opportunity.

The opening of Dan-Air Engineering's third maintenance base resulted in an increase in the engineering unit's total staffing level to 1,800. [2]

[edit] Change of ownership

Dan-Air Engineering's sister airline Dan-Air's growing financial problems from the second half of 1990 onwards against the backdrop of a severe recession in the UK and a looming war in the Gulf led to a change in both organisations' parent company Davies and Newman's top management. This, in turn, resulted in a change in the airline's strategic direction with profound implications for the engineering unit's future.

The new management's decision to focus Dan-Air's future activities on the provision of fully fledged scheduled services on high-profile domestic and international European trunk routes from the airline's Gatwick base with a fleet of brand-new Boeing 737 300/400 series and BAe 146 300 series/Avro RJ115 jets meant that Dan-Air Engineering's capacity exceeded its sister airline's maintenance requirements by 45%. [1]

At the same time, Dan-Air Engineering was facing growing competition in the global third party Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) market from rival specialist providers with far greater economies of scale, considerably lower labour costs and much more powerful parent organisations in places such as China, the Middle East and the Irish Republic.

As a result, Davies and Newman was no longer in a position to fund the competing investment requirements of both its airline and engineering subsidiaries from its own, limited financial resources. It therefore decided to focus all its resources on Dan-Air and to sell off Dan-Air Engineering to a major, specialist MRO provider with the expertise and resources to continue investing in it.

In the event, Davies and Newman sold Dan-Air Engineering to FLS Aerospace, a major specialist MRO provider in the UK and Ireland with bases at Stansted, Manchester and Dublin, for £27.5m on February 28, 1991. [13] The sale of Dan-Air Engineering to FLS Aerospace resulted in a reduction in employment at the remaining Davies and Newman group companies from 4,300 to 2,500, almost all of whom continued to be employed at Dan-Air. [2]

Following Dan-Air Engineering's sale, Dan-Air awarded FLS Aerospace the contract for the maintenance of its fleet. [14]

(FLS Aerospace's loss of the Dan-Air maintenance contract as a result of the airline's takeover by British Airways in 1992 led to the decommissioning and mothballing of the hangers it had acquired from Dan-Air Engineering at Gatwick and Lasham. [The Gatwick hangar was subsequently brought back into service in the late-1990s following British Airways' decision to make the airport a major hub. It was decommissioned once more as a consequence of British Airways' subsequent decision to de-hub Gatwick, following the adoption of a new corporate strategy aimed at restructuring the airline's loss-making operation at the airport in the aftermath of recording its first-ever full-year loss since privatisation in 2000. Most recently, on August 1, 2006, Virgin Atlantic took over this hangar to provide an in-house maintenance capability for its growing Boeing 747-400 fleet at Gatwick as well as to support sister airline Virgin Nigeria's daily Airbus A340 operation from/to Lagos at the airport. [11][2]]

Meanwhile, FLS Aerospace itself was acquired by SR Technics, the former maintenance arm of defunct Swissair, in 2004. Towards the end of 2006, SR Technics, in turn, was jointly taken over by the governments of Abu Dhabi and Dubai [through Mubadala and DAE, respectively], who then incorporated it into their nascent MRO venture. [3]

The former Dan-Air Engineering maintenance base at Lasham was acquired by ATC Lasham, a Boeing MRO specialist, in 1995. [4])

[edit] Facts of interest

  • Dan-Air Engineering restored one of the Douglas DC-3 "Dakotas" operated by sister airline Dan-Air as the airline's first aircraft, applying the contemporary livery and aircraft registration (G-AMSU). (The aircraft, which was originally registered G-AMPP when in commercial airline service with Dan-Air, was on display at Lasham from 1971 until 1991. [5])
  • During the 1970s Dan-Air Engineering developed a comprehensive NDT capability. (This assumed added significance following the loss of one of sister airline Dan-Air's Boeing 707 freighters during the second half of that decade due to metal fatigue, leading to the separation of the aircraft's horizontal stabiliser in mid-air.) [15]
  • During the early 1980s Dan-Air Engineering's Manchester base designed and installed a then unique cargo door in one of sister airline Dan-Air's Hawker Siddeley 748 turboprops that had specifically been acquired for this purpose. This enabled the aircraft - a series 2 HS 748 (registration G-BIUV) fitted with an eight by eight feet rear cargo door - to carry "outsize" cargoes, such as pipes and oil drilling equipment measuring up to six inches in diameter and up to 40 feet in length, which made it particularly suitable for oil industry support work. [16]
  • During the 1980s Dan-Air Engineering held the contract to maintain the Qatar Amiri Flight's Boeing 727-200 "Advanced" VIP aircraft fleet. (The flight deck crew flying these aircraft were seconded from sister airline Dan-Air.) [17]

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ a b The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 182
  2. ^ a b c d The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 183
  3. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 15
  4. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 16
  5. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 47, 63
  6. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 63/4
  7. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 147
  8. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 92, 147
  9. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 148
  10. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 92
  11. ^ a b Skyport (... but Virgin want it for its plane space), Gatwick edition, Hounslow, 4 August 2006
  12. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 119, 145/6
  13. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 148, 183
  14. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 148
  15. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 89-91, 147
  16. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, pp. 103/4
  17. ^ The Spirit of Dan-Air, Simons, G.M., GMS Enterprises, Peterborough, 1993, p. 129

[edit] References

  • Simons, Graham M. (1999). It was nice to fly with friends! The story of Air Europe. GMS Enterprises. ISBN 1-8703-8469-5. 
  • Skyport - Gatwick edition (... but Virgin want it for its plane space), 4 August 2006. 

[edit] External links

SR Technics website ( 2004 Our acquisition of FLS Industries' MRO activities in the United kingdom and Ireland ...)

ATC Lasham website ( about us ...)

Visit to Wings of Liberation Museum, Best, NL ( One can still faintly see traces of "DAN-AIR London" titles on the fuselage. )

line up Aviation Personnel - Recruitment of Aviation Personnel ( Virgin opens new Gatwick hangar for A checks ... )

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